474 
ISSORIA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
in its smaller size and the increase of the black markings and the more recldish-ochre uppersides. Hindwings 
as a rule dusted with black up to the middle of the ceil. On the underside the white coloring is some¬ 
what reduced. as also the green flush on the hindwings, which is entirely wanting in my specimens from Java. 
According to Hagan it delights in the dung of animals, especially in that of the Musang (Paradoxurus mu- 
sanga). -— On Java it occurs up to 700 m. In the east of the island a dry season form occurs of smaller size, 
dull yellow uppersides and indistinct but otherwise more richly decorated undersides. Malayan Peninsular, 
Sumatra, Java (according to Doherty also from Sumbawa and Sumba, but I have not seen speciamens from 
brixia. there); Borneo, Palawan, South Philippines. — brixia subsp. nov. is a round-winged local race from the Nor¬ 
thern Philippines, which resembles the Indian sinha, but is easily distinguished by more distinct black sub- 
marginal spots on all wings. Underside with a bright red-brown band in the median zone of the hind-wings. 
nupta. Luzon rare. — mspta Stgr. represents large specimens of the species with very broad dull brown distal area 
of all wings and reduced yellow-brown subapical spots on the forewings. Specimens before me only from 
Minahassa and Sula-Mangoli. Observed by Doherty at a heigtli of 4000' in the Pare-Pare district of the South 
eda. of Celebes. — eda Fruhst. is the intermediate between egista Cr. of the Moluccas and sinha Roll, of the Indian 
region. It is however smaller than sinha from Sumatra and has a more red-brown color, that is almost the 
same ground color as egista. Uppersides more richly marked with black, especially the forewings, than the 
Moluccan race, but not so well marked as sinha. The black border of the outer margin is narrower, than in 
other Issofias and the black spotting of the hindwings finer than in sinha. Underside: The discal bands of 
the hindwings run straighter, the distal- and more especially the anal zone are of a richer violet. The submar¬ 
ginal spots are not yellow-brown as in sinha, but red brown, analogous to the Moluccan races. Island of Wetter. 
alrita. ■—- alrita Fruhst. differs considerably from eda from Wetter and possibly belongs to an extreme dry-season 
form. Of the black wing markings, only the distal border, two smudges above the cell and four black submarginal 
spots can be distinguished. On the hindwings the distal spots have also disappeared and the brown markings 
of the upperside of the forewings are also much reduced, and in their place the violet distal band more distinct 
The violet in the anal angle of the hindwings disappears and is replaced by yellow-brown, so that the wings 
egista. have thus a more monotone coloring. Islands of Babber, Tenimber. -— egista Cr. the first described subspecies 
inhabits the southern Moluccas, Amboina and Saparua. From the Westmalayan races egista differs in the 
reddish ochre color of the uppersides, which is similar to that of offaka (107 e) but the distal border is not so 
extended and the hindwings have prominent yellow submarginal crescents. Ceram specimens are on both 
buruana. sides somewhat paler yellow and with more reduced black markings , than the Amboina CC- — buruana Fruhst. 
(107 e) differs from egista from Ceram and Saparua in its smaller size, the rounder wings and the blunter tails, 
ground colour darker; all black bands spots and points stronger developed. Along the cell wall, between the 
front and rear median veins there appears a bent, black band, which is wanting in egista. Further there is 
present a distinct submarginal band, which runs from the costal margin to the first median vein, where it in¬ 
creases to a spot. Base of the hindwings darker; further there are signs of an obsolete discal band. Under¬ 
side quieter than egista the violet discal spots are smaller and are closer together. The submarginal area of the 
elvira. hindwings yellowish white, instead of violet. Burn. — elvira Fruhst. a beautiful local race inhabiting Batjan. 
The specimens are a darker red brown than the egista of the remaining Moluccas, the subapical bands even 
more strongly developed than in buruana. The black submarginal bands of the hindwing uppersides are also 
extremely broad. The yellow band slightly broader than in orfeda. The underside resembles obiana, but 
editha. the forewings are darker red-brown and the white discal spots larger. Batjan, Ternate (?). ■— editha Fruhst. 
resembles the Batjan form, but is paler and not so richly decorated with black. Underside also lighter. The 
white spots before the apex of the cell of the forewings are broader and the black submarginal spots of the 
obiana. undersides heavier, as also the white helmet mark before the outer margin. Halmaheira. -—- obiana Fruhst. 
resembles buruana in size and shape of wings, but all the wings have a much broader black border. The groud 
color is darker than egista but paler than buruana. The undersides are characterized by extremely well deve¬ 
loped whitish violet spots of the discal band, which are bounded on the inner side by a dark brown region. 
All wings are poorer in markings in the basal area as in buruana and the marginal area of the hindwings is also 
offaka. not as bright as in buruana and egista. Obi not rare. -—■ offaka Fruhst. The ground color somewhat darker 
than egista and obiana, with the broadest black distal border. The black spots of the wings remind one most 
of obiana, but the submarginal spots of all Avings are smaller. The end of cell in forewings somewhat broader 
black than in egista. The almost obsolete yellow submarginal band of the hindwings forms a very important 
distinction. The undersides much darker than in the other local races and redbrown instead of yellow. The 
white discal spots are extremely reduced and on the hindwings are more seperated, not so close together'as in 
the other races from the Moluccas. Waigiu, not rare; German New-Guinea, Kapaur, Holl. New-Guinea, Aroa, 
orfeda. Brit. New-Guinea, rare in Kaiser-Wilhelmland. -— orfeda Fruhst., the Key race possesses the same ground colour 
and the broad black borders of offaka, but has considerable relationship to egista and obiana on account of the 
