CYNTHIA. By H. Frhhstorfer. 
479 
by the enlarged black median markings of the forewing-uppersides as in natunensis. The underside of the hind- 
wings exhibit a sharply defined, whitish violett, dull shining distal zone, which reminds one of austrosundana 
of the little Sunda Isles. Type one Pulo-Tello of the Batu-Islands. From the Mcntawej Islands a Cynthia 
is not known and on the Islands of Engana the Genus is entirely wanting. — austrosundana Fruh.st. (108 e) austrosun- 
was originally described from Lombok, but has recently also been discovered on Bawean and Kangean, is found clana - 
eastwards to Kalao without any noticeable difference on this island. Genital organs differ from the western 
C. erota by the downward bend of the upper valve protuberance and the delicate middle point of the harpes. 
Valve ventrally is somewhat more bent than in erota. $ of lesser size than the specimens from the Macromalayan 
region and varies more or less in the lesser or greater developement of the black markings of the uppersides, 
of which our figure shews the extreme dark form, whereas from the transition period from the wet to dry season 
exhibit only a few rudiments of the bands. Underside resembles somewhat the Eastern Javanese varna, but is not 
so intensely red, but on the other hand has almost always a distinctly defined dull shining violet^ distal area of 
the hindwings. The $ is as a rule larger than the $ and in good specimens is hardly smaller than Javanese 99- 
As in the western variations two chief color types occur, one like the male with yellow central band (108 e) and 
others which reproduce the color and markings of C. erota. ■ —- albotaeniata form. nov. (109 b) with pure white albotaeniata. 
median area. Between these two forms all intermediates occur and one can say, that the are as constant as 
the $9 are variable and scarcely one specimen resembles another. The general color varies fron pale yellow- 
ochre to mob-green with all intermediates and the transverse bands can remain yellow only on the forewings 
and white on the hind wings or both wings retain the same color. As a rule the median area is distinctly de¬ 
fined; but 9$ exist with quite q'-like markings and bands of the upperside. — virilis form. nov. Common on virilis. 
Bawean from July to September and is one of those forms, which demonstrates that the fauna of this island 
belongs to the Micromalayan region. Kangean, Lombok from the plains up to 2000 ft. is one of the commonest 
butterflies on flowering shrubs in open spots and borders of the forests. Kalao, Bonerate, Time of appearance 
December. - divica subsp. nov. from Sumbawa is larger than the Lombok race and the black submarginal divica. 
wavy lines of the forewings are somewhat heavier. The underside of the $ is brighter, the lines sharper and 
the hindwings shew an almost pure white central band, which however is only extended to the rear radial vein 
and a blue violet border zone and probably belongs to a wet-season form. The 9 appears frequently to have the 
dull (9 like form of virilis and the white banded 9 figured 109 b comes from the same island. Specimens from 
Sumba differ from divica in the washed out markings of the uppersides and in the unicolorous brightly coloured 
undersides, which are not sharply lined. They probably belong to the rainless season. The 9 is not before me, 
so that I am not in a position to judge as to whether a subspecific division is justified. According to Doherty 
rare on Sumba, where he only obtained one $. — alorensis Pagenst. is an interesting form, q larger than divica <$, cdorensis. 
but redder yellow-ochre; forewings with the markings even more reduced than in Sumba $<$. Of the 9 only 
one specimen of the virilis form is before me, which on the underside can be seperated from divica 99 by the 
dark yellow instead of white transverse band. Isle of Alor. -— meduca subsp. nov. resembles on the uppersides meduca. 
the Sumbawan divica Fruhst., as far as markings are concerned, but has the same dull red-yellow color in com¬ 
mon with the Sumba race, but on the undersides it agrees with divica in its bright markings. The 9 is very 
imposing, with a peculiar yellowish moss-green color with sharply defined white central band, the distal cres¬ 
cents are more extended than in divica but not so distinct. Hindwings with bright red flush and the ocelli with 
pale yellow-reel circumference. Flores, from Maumerie and Larentuka in my collection, collected there by 
Kuhn and Jacobsen. — bagrada subsp. nov. is a small island race with very distinct black spotting and duller bagrada. 
redbrown coloring than the other varieties of the Micromalayan Region and approaches the Bawean race. On 
the underside the violet powdering is not so extensive and it has an indistinct and washed out median band. 
Isle of Wetter and Timor (Dili) collected by W. Doherty in May 1892. $3 very common, but the 99 apparently 
rarer than is the case in the islands of the Lombok-Sumbawa group, and I have not obtained it. Kisser, Babber. 
— cycnia Nicev. exceeds in size, in the dark color of the male and in the considerably extended black markings cycnia. 
of both sexes all Micromalayan relations. <$ with dark brown-yellow occasionally greenish suffused basal area, 
broad yellow central band, which is sharply defined on both sides. The undersides of the <$<$ are much paler 
than those of bagrada and divica , and a not so bright. 9 with especially large white median zone and a beautiful 
yellow basal area as in austrosundana. Key Islands. — ricussa subsp. nov. is smaller than cycnia. $ with pro- ricussa. 
minent sub marginal crescents on the forewings and darker undersides to all wings, which are clistally intensely 
suffused with violet. 9 on 11 1 e upperside lighter yellow than cycnia 9, on the underside not so distinctly lined. 
Isle of Goram. — kabiana subsp. nov. resembles generally austrosundana Fruhst., as it occurs on Kalao, but kabiana. 
diffagjljrom same in its slighter stature and in consequence the somewhat narrower central band of the fore- 
wingSWsle of Kabia (Dutch Hagediseiland = Lizard Island). — salayara subsp. nov. is the last form related to salayara. 
austrosundana, which enters in a northward direction the Celebes subregion. It is closely related to kabiana, 
but is always larger, in fact equals alorensis Pagenst. but has narrower white bands in the 9> than the much 
