480 
CYNTHIA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
smaller $ of kabiana. Island Salayer. Type as of the former Island race in the Staudinger collection of the 
cclcbensis . Berlin Zoological Museum. -—- With celebensis Butl. a series of forms commences, which approach the Macro- 
malayan type. The original of the Celebes form came from Minahassa and specimens are before me from Toli- 
Toli, time of flight November-Dezember. The SS vary in size and many specimens compared with Javanese 
and Micromalayan specimens are of enormous size. It also appears as if the time of emergence and the locality 
of the mountains of Minahassa exert an influence on the color; the forms of the plains shew on the uppersides 
a more even reddish-yellow coloring and no sign of submarginal bands, GS from higher localities have dark 
almost brown basal and distal areas to all wings, from which a well-marked pale more yellowish median area 
stands out, well marked wavy bands and blackish shades between the ribs of the wings are present; specimens 
from the sea-coast and those from South-Celebes have unicolorous dirty yellow undersides, the mountain form 
on the other hand possesses an almost white median area and the borders of all wings are beautifully suffused 
with violet. I only possess $$ from the north of the island from Tondano and Toli-Toli, which I collected myself 
in November and December. They resemble mostly the $ of meduca Fruhst. from Flores and dejakorum Fruhst., 
$ from North Borneo and exhibit a dull olive or brown-green on the uppersides Avith just a slight dash of yelloAV 
on the hindwings. Central band white, fairly broad, distally strongly waved. Ocelli of the hindwings very 
large, filled with beautiful orange-red. Underside grey, with pure white median area, redbroAvn middle- and 
satellica . pale brown submarginal lines. The borders of all wings whitish and just frosted with delicate purple. — satel- 
lica Fruhst. (109 b) described from a single $, differs from celebensis Butl. by having considerably narrower 
white bands in the $, which is accompanied distally for the Avhole of its length by a reddish yelloAV-ochre band¬ 
like region. Underside similar to celebensis $, but although not so pronounced, the yellow distal area is repro¬ 
duced, and therefore the delicate Avhite flushed with purple so characteristic for celebensis disappears. Type 
in the Collection Fruhstorfer from Peling. A $ from the island Bangkai which lies to the eastward but is 
otherwise parallel wit li Peling, in the Staudinger collection agrees with satellica in the intensive yellow-ochre 
suffusion of the submarginal area of the forewing-uppersides, but in the Bankai $ the white central band and 
the underside are considerably suffused. <$<$ from Bangkai in the Rober collection in Dresden are snaller than 
the Celebes more distinctly black spotted and on the undersides more intensely violet than the SS of the 
clioncia . Sula-Islancls. The last were named by Staudinger i. 1. dioneia subsp. nov. a name, which is transferred to this 
hitherto undescribed subspecies. smaller than celebensis $<$, but in spite of this more strongly spotted with 
black and especially characterized by a complete row of distinct black submarginal spots on the foreAvings. 
Undersides darker, with fairly extensive and intensely red bordered median band, which extends in almost 
ecpial breadth from the costal margin to the anal angle. Sula-Mangoli, October and November collected by 
palawanica . W. Doherty, but only in my collection. • — - palawanica Fruhst. is a transition from the Celebes forms to 
those of the Philippines. G dull yelloAV-red with obsolete black markings, but has a distinct submarginal wavy 
band on the forewings; $ very specially colored, with brownish green general tone, with pale yelloAV median 
band on the foreAvings, which on the hindwings gradually becomes red towards the rear. Ocelli very large, and 
placed in a redbrown smoky submarginal zone. The underside of tlie q has some resemblance to that of C. erota 
fa. pura Swinh., with brigth orange colored basal area. $ especially remarkable on account of its light canary 
yelloAV color. Time of flight January. Described from tAVO pairs in my collection received from Doherty. — 
basanica . basanica subsp. nov. A melanotic Satellit Island race with Very distinct black transverse bands to the foreudng 
$ the darkest of all the Philippine forms, forewings greenish-brown with a remarkably narroAV white median 
band, which is accompanied by a second very thin, but complete parallel band. Hindwings with a very short 
Avhite central area. Type in the Semper collection in the Senkenberg Museum in Frankfurt a. M. from the 
ladia . Jolo-Islands. — ladia subsp. nov. is allied to the former subspecies and in agreement with its geographical posi¬ 
tion forms a transitional form from the Borneo forms to those of the Philippines. Smaller than dejakorum Fruhst., 
from North Borneo and without the blackish suffusion of the borders of the uppersides of the Avings, it differs 
especially on the undersides in the more evenly but very much brighter pale color, which represents a true 
reproduction of the color of palawanica Fruhst. ; Island of Balabac. On the Philippines themselves tAvo chief 
dcjonc . types can be distinguished; those of the southern and those of the northern. — - dejone Er. from Luzon, has dull 
males, which in general resemble those of palawanica. The black markings of the foreAvings, especially of Luzon 
specimens, are diminishing. The undersides resemble those of palawanica, but are not so bright, nor of such a 
beautiful yelloAV and the outer area is hardly frosted with violet. $ on the uppersides bears a resemblance 
to the $ of G. erota javana Fruhst., but the Avhite median band, expecially on the hindwing is narrower, more 
broken up distally and on the forewings accompanied by only one parallel toav of white crescents, whereas the 
$ of javana and that of dejakorum form, montana have a series of three rows. The submarginal area of the hind¬ 
wings is lightened to a somewhat brighter reddish yelloAV-ochre, otherwise it agrees wit those of C. erota celeben¬ 
sis Butl. Basal portion of the underside greyish yelloAV, central band whitish with cream-coloured borders. 
Distal region yelloAvish, and shaded with very delicate flesh color. The larva 5 cm long lives on Luzon on Balbus 
baquero, it is grey with light broAvn head and brown feet. The head which is provided Avith tAvo long spines, 
bears a triangle-shaped yelloAV mark (similar to erota saloma Swinh.), beneath the mandibles are black and 
