506 
CETHOSIA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
blue iridescence. Among other marks of distinction we notice especially the far projecting outline of the wings 
and a white disk on the hindwings. The imago is found along the edge of the woods from the sea-shore up to 
an elevation of about 3000 ft, flying leasurely but by no means slowly in the open jungle or in fruit-orchards. 
They emit a most highly aromatic odour resembling a delicate perfume. According to the locality Cethosia 
myrina is in Celebes mimicked by several forms of Euripus, the particular local forms being copied in the northern 
part of the island by the ¥¥ of Euripus robustus Wall, and in the south by those of Euripus robustus myrinoides 
Fruhst. Cethosia myrina is of all known species the largest, the forewing measuring as much as 62 mm; its 
variability was remarked even in 1874 by Hopfer, who had both red-brown specimens from the north and dark- 
sarnada. brown ¥¥ from the south. sarnada subsp. nov. (110 d as myrina ) differs from the name-type from northern 
Celebes in its smaller size. cP has on the under surface the inframedian strigae gray instead of yellowish- 
white, and on the hindwing the median area aniline-red and less prominent. The ? has the upper surface darker, 
chiefly black-brown, sometimes with a violet or dark purple iridescence on the submarginal area of the 
hindwing; the under surface is deeper brown without the lighter reddish or yellowish patches found in myrina -¥¥. 
Southern Celebes, where I observed it in the Malayan cemetery at Macassar and collected it in March on the 
m el a rich o- p ea p 0 f Bonthain at elevations of 3000 ft. - melancholica Fruhst. (110 d) originally described as a ¥-form, 
appears to be a local race from eastern Celebes, displaying also in the cP melanotic character. The cTcf are 
distinguished by the darker blue iridescence and by the lack of white patches in the discal area of the fore¬ 
wing. ¥? are as rule blackish, having on the upper surface of the hindwing the submarginal area dull green. On 
the under surface the forewings are brown only at the anal angle, the hindwings whitish as in normal myrina, 
traversed by a brown median band which displays on either side a light olive-green iridescence, fading away 
toward the outside. Collected by Drs. Sarasin at Mapane on the gulf of Tomini, north of Lake Posso. Dr. 
Martin possesses similar specimens from Paloppo in eastern Celebes. On Lompa-Battan I caught a. ¥ having 
the forewings nearly black and the hindwings, aside from the disk, all over dark coffee-brown, with a similar 
myrina. median band on the under surface. — myrina Fldr. seems to be very constant, judging from the fact that I 
always received one and the same ¥-form having the median area on the upper surface of the hindwing beauti¬ 
fully light red-brown. The cPcP vary on the under surface in such a way that the aniline-red colour continues 
in the form of a brillant median band as far as the submedian, or only suffuses the brown submarginal zone as a 
proximal iridescence. The forewings deviate from those of sarnada in having the intramedian patches yellowish 
instead of gray-white. In the ¥ the submarginal zone varies from light to dark brown. Northern Celebes, caught 
by me at Toli-Toli during November and December; it is very common, being contained in every consignment 
ribbei. from the Minahassa. - ribbei Hour, originally described from Bangkai, is the most strikingly coloured form of 
myrina and remarkable for the brillant blue iridescence on the upper surface. It is not limited to Bangkai, 
but was found by Doherty and Prof. Kuekenthal also in central Celebes as an aberrative dry-season form. 
d) In both sexes the first subcostal arises near the upper angle of the cell; the lower discocellular terminates a 
short distance beyond the furcation of the medians. Valve chitinous, externally visible as in the hypsea group. 
C. methypsea, so far only known from the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, may perhaps be discovered 
also in Borneo. The upper surface is well represented by our figure of carolinae (110a). Beneath it resembles 
hypsea, but has on the hindwing a white submarginal band not unlike that of C. cyane , although considerably 
methypsea. narrower. — methypsea Btlr. has on the forewings either a white or narrow yellowish band; the hindwing 
is marked with minute, partially obsolete, postdiscal dots, otherwise like that of carolinae. Under surface with 
an indistinct white submarginal line, the yellowish-white median area distally slightly dotted with black. 
carolinae. Malay Peninsula, scarce. ¥ resembles the cP, having on the upper surface the pale ochre-yellow, macular 
band broader. — carolinae Forb. (110a), common in western Sumatra (type), more scarce in the north¬ 
eastern part of the island, unites the characteristics of the cyane and hypsea groups, illustrating at the same 
time, in the similarity of the under surfaces, a transition to penthesilea. It is especially remarkable for the 
strongly glistening, distended anal valve which, although smaller than in hypsea, is distinctly visible on the 
under side of the last abdominal segment. The ¥¥ resemble the cPcP in every way, also in the violet iri¬ 
descence. The under surface which is also in the hypsea group least sensitive toward external influences and 
less subject to variation, harmonizes best with penthesilea, but in the markings of the (brewings and the broad 
outer border of the hindwings it rather approximates cyane and hypsea. 
C. penthesilea replaces the preceding species in Java and the Micromalayan islands, but differs in that 
the abdominal valve is not visible. The neuration is presumably more constant than in methypsea , displaying 
practically no difference between the sexes. Under surface with narrower white bands, as in carolinae (110a) 
in ¥ irrorated with greenish in the median area. The different forms vary in their general colouring, according 
baweanica. to the islands on which they are found, from bright crimson to pale leather-brown. — baweanica subsp. nov. 
is a small-sized, very pale, insular form having in the cP the upper surface somewhat paler red than in penthesilea 
from Java, Its colouring is very well shown in figures 110a cP, b ¥ (where it is marked penthesilea). The under 
surface has the white band on the forewing narrower and in the cPcP the outer half of both wings light yellow- 
