HYPOLIMNAS. By II. Fruhstorfer. 
543 
are most beautifully developed; in Lombok whence the specimens represented in the figure came, the white 
striation disappears from the upper surface, and I he white subapical spotting which in the Javanese form adorns 
also the dd, shows a tendency to disappear. In both sexes the specimens from Java and Lombok show the 
most perfectly developed white submarginal dots on both wings. ? specimens showing the blue iridescence 
only on a very narrow marginal area (fa. circumscripta form, nov) are quite rare in Java, but I possess specimens 
(both dd and ??) of anomala from all localities where it is found, in which the submarginal portion of the 
hindwing is extensively laved with white (f. nivas form. nov.). In another rather rare varietal form which 1 
possess only from Java, the entire apical area of the forewing is as far as the cell of a violet colour which 
also spreads over the whitish oblonge streaks between the radial veins (fa. violaria form. nov.). In Nias exists 
a rather constant race: discandra Wejm., easily recognized by the enlarged white submarginal spots, the 
nearly always present white apical patches drawn together into a band, and finally by the transcellular striation 
of the forewing which is nearly always observed also in the dd. In a d from Pulo-Tello in the Batu Islands 
the white strigae are repeated also on the under surface of the forewing. In the Micromalayan Archipelago 
a dark form of anomala exists from Kangean as far as Sumbawa and Flores: arnoldi Fruhst. in which the ?? 
are of a deeper blue, without the beautiful lustre, and display either on the forewing no intraradial striation 
at all or but faint traces. Even the dd show less blue, belonging (if there is any iridescence at all left 
and if they are not uniform brown) to the fa. circumscripta ; on the other hand the form nivas is quite abundant, 
but having the underside of the hindwings more profusely marked than is found in my Javanese specimens. 
Dr. Pagenstecher has also noticed this in arnoldi from Flores, and he claims that specimens from Sumbawa 
resemble somewhat Euploea de lieeri Doh. — albula Wall. This interesting form which is but rarely met with 
in collections, is of quite small size; its ground-colour is ferruginous with abroad white distal border on both 
wings. The under surface is traversed by an oblique band composed of four white elongate spots, the costal 
spot on hindwing is larger than in anomala and arnoldi. The ? is darker brown and richer purplish red- 
brown than the d. The transverse band on the forewing has a blue iridescence; under surface rather paler. - 
Already Wallace called attention to the fact that albula resembles in its general appearance the Euploeas of 
the eurypon group. The type came from Timor; specimens from Babber in the Staudinger coll. — interstincta 
Btlr. refers to a large-sized insular form of darker colour. The d is deep brown, the anteterminal dots 
on the forewing with a very faint blue iridescence; the ? is darker blue than anomala-^ 2, occasionally with 
a snowy-white double subapical spot on the forewing. The costal spot on the under surface of the hindwing 
is more prominent than in anomala. From North-Borneo, where it is rather scarce. — With euvaristos siibsp. 
nov. we commence the series of Philippine forms, which nearly in every case display at the apex a rich white 
ornamentation, and the ?? of which show in the terminal area even of the hindwing a magnificent blue irides¬ 
cence, faint indications of which we have noticed in interstincta . The ?? are moreover distinguished by the 
dark cocoa-brown basal area on the hindwing growing rather lighter distally, of which we find slight traces 
also in the Borneo-form. According to Semper about one half of the specimens of this form have the apex 
white at the tip, whereas among 30 dd of anomala contained in my collection only one from Java is thus 
marked. Quite common in the southern Philippines; type from Mindanao. Its resemblence to Euploea duf- 
resni Godt. is remarkable. One d captured at Bazilan in February represents the mYas-type. Semper reports 
that in August and September 1865 more than 300 specimens were taken at Camiguin de Mindanao by Malay 
collectors, furthermore that brown ?? with a large white apical spot on the forewing are found also in the 
Palau Islands of the Caroline group. — truentus subsp. nov. is a small-sized form from the northern Philippines, 
occurring also in the southernmost Liu-kiu Islands without changing in appearance. It seems that in this 
form the apical white spotting is still more the rule than in euvaristus, for six out of eight specimens show it. 
(Analogy to Euploea megilla Erichs, from Luzon\ In the ?? the colour of the hindwing is no longer brown but 
black. One d from Mindoro follows the nivas type; in another d which otherwise is brown, the white patches 
on the hindwing are of unusual size, d type from Ishigaki-shima, ? type from Luzon. It is found also in 
Mindoro, presumably also in all the remaining islands of the northern and central Philippines. — phalkes subsp. 
nov. a very large-sized form from the Talaut Islands, approximates somewhat to the forms of the Moluccas 
in the light brown colouring of the ??, which is not found in the other eastern races, d belongs to the 
nivas type. — wallaceana Btlr. In this form the ground-colour is a monotonous deep brown, somewhat lighter 
towards the margin and only relieved on the under surface by a whitish transcellular striation. It. is found in 
southern and central Celebes between August and January, and represents probably the dry-season form. - 
stellata subsp. nov. (119 d) is distinguished from all the other forms by the presence on the upper surface of 
some conspicuous submarginal star-shaped spots which are white in the d, light blue in the ?. In three out of 
four dd and in one ? the white spaces between the nervules beneath are considerably enlarged; the costal 
spot on the hindwing is of more than double the size of that found in anomala. The ? is dark brown with a 
gorgeous blue iridescence, not extending beyond the submarginal zone, stellata is most likely the rainy- 
season and alpine form of wallaceana. From the Minahassa, but not found by me at Toli-Toli. 
antilope Cr. (119 d, d instead of ?) is the first in the series of forms peculiar to the East Malayan Region, 
with a monotonous, chiefly brown colour. Cramer reported a ? in which the outer half of the hindwing 
was yellowish, a type which is rather frequently observed and of which our figure represents the d. 
jn Amboina, Saparua and Ceram there exist (though more scarce) unicolorous brown dd as w r ell as ?? which 
circum¬ 
scripta. 
nivas. 
violaria. 
discandra. 
arnoldi. 
albula. 
interstincta. 
euvaristos. 
truentus. 
phalkes. 
wallaceana. 
stellata. 
antilope. 
