HYPOLIMNAS. By H. Frtjhstorfer. 
551 
richly blue-ancl white-spotted $$ are limited to the western, the darker euranthe rather to the eastern part of 
the island. During the rainy-season antiopa is with its polychrome $$ one of the characteristic butterflies of 
the Submontane Region in Java. From Bawean I have an interesting small-sized $ closely allied to antigone 
Cr. — Great interest attaches to bolina from Lombok: In the 33 it conforms to charybdis ; of the $$ in my 
collection two are marked like incommoda Btlr., having on both wings white areas without any fulvous spots. 
Another 2-form: astra form. nov. has on the forewing the dark blue band relatively narrow, and on the hind- astra. 
wing a blue disc upon a brown-black ground. As in Sumbawa, also here the $-forms euryanthe Fruhst. and 
proserpina Cr. are very common, the latter predominating. Also from Sumba I have the 2-form euryanthe, 
whereas the 33 which are inferior in size to those from Lombok and Sumbawa, belong exclusively to charyb¬ 
dis. On the Micromalayan Islands a rather small-sized form (micromalayana subsp. nov.) predominates, of -which mlcroma- 
especially the 36 have an almost dwarfed appearance, belonging to the auge type. In the $$ the colouring l °y a,ia - 
of proserpina prevails, but during the rainy-season we find in Wetter also aphrodite Fruhst. and iphigenia Cr. 
The type came from Babber; my collection contains also specimens from Alor, Kisser, Wetter, Dammer and 
Kalao. — labuana Btlr. is the form from northern Borneo, approaching in its markings much more the Philip- labuana. 
pine than the Malayan races, but differing in the absence of the white and blue submarginal dots on the upperside 
of the oo, which partially belong to the type of auge, and partially to that of charybdis. Whereas one $ re¬ 
sembles cyanecula Fruhst. in having the transverse band on the fore wing blue instead of white, as it is seen in 
the figure made by Semper of specimens from Camiguin de Mindanao, and in some specimens from Palawan 
contained in my collection, the others approximate to f. victrix Fruhst. (118 e) in all but the white submarginal 
markings which are absent. North-Borneo. — A $ from the Natuna Islands is intermediate between jacintha 
Drury and perimeleCr. But in south-eastern Borneo we still find the Javanese proserpina Cr. — celebensis Rothsch. cdebensIs. 
nom. nud. (nec Holl.) comprises the forms found in Celebes and its satellite islands. The 3 is very large, in co¬ 
louring intermediate between 33 of antiopa Muell. and 33 from the Moluccas. Among the 22 proserpina and 
iphigenia predominate, the former however is always marked less profusely with fulvous, the latter displaying 
around the disc a deeper blue colour ; the forms euryanthe Fruhst., perimele Cr., antigone and melita Cr. are not 
represented; very rare is aphrodite. The $ seems to appear periodically, for Doherty obtained not a single 
specimen during August and September, whereas I received during November and December a number of beau¬ 
tiful, fresh specimens from Toli-Toli .—celebensis is closely allied, both in 3 and $, to the forms from the Talaut 
Islands and Saleyer contained in the Frtjhstorfer collection, -gigas Oberth., a highly specialized form related to gigas. 
philippensis Btlr. in the same way as labuana Btlr. Above it resembles in its rich white ornamentation the 
Philippine races, but differs in the absence of the submarginal dots. The 3 is still larger than lisianassa Cr. 
(118 c), beneath reddish, somewhat resembling the Moluccan forms. The $ is brown-black, the forewings 
irroratecl with violet; the hindwings resemble those of crexa (118 c) in having the discal spot margined with 
light blue. The under surface is light brown, dark red in the cell, in general approaching the Moluccan forms. 
— lisianassa Cr. (118 c), erroneously called lasmassa by most authors since Kirby’s time, is confined to the lisianassa. 
southern Moluccas and remarkable for its large size. The $ of the rainy-season form is represented by two 
greatly different varieties: eriphile Cr. (118 a called “pandoras”) with white transverse band on the forewings eriphile. 
and broad, yellowish-reel, subanal area centred with white on the hindwings; the other $-form is manilia Cr., manilia. 
equally large, but without the transverse band on the forewing, in the place of which it has a beautiful, fulvous 
anteterminal border. Both have the hindwings marked with generally large, clear white, submarginal dots. 
The white ornamentation is most richly developed in $-fa. disealis form. nov. ; the forewing is like in eriphile, but discalis. 
the band displays proximally a beautiful, dark blue iridescence, and the hindwings have beyond the cell a long 
and broad, white discal area (Saparua). Of the we know a large form without the whitish median band on the 
hindwing = alcithoe Cr. (= melaniris Boeb.), and besides lisianassa also the form charybdis Btlr. which is, how- alcithoe. 
ever, considerably darker in colour. One 3 from Saparua shows the markings of luctuosa Fruhst. having 
the undersurface monotonous dark coffee-brown, and the distal border of both wings adorned with square, whitish- 
gray, intranerval spots. Besides these large specimens we find in the southern Moluccas also a dwarfed form 
(118b called bolina 3 ) of the auge CV.-type. The corresponding $$ have no resemblance to those of eriphile, manilia 
and discalis, but rather represent a retrogression to proserpina Cr. and iphigenia Cr. For this reason Holland 
supposed that they belong to the Indian form of bolina, from which however they differ in their sexual organs; 
according to Ribbe the ^-specimens from Ceram differ to such an extent, that there are hardly two alike. From 
Amboina, Ceram, Saparua, Banda. From Buru my collection contains specimens of the (2-forms alcithoe Cr. 
and auge Cr., also the $$-forms antigone Cr. in its purest type, euryanthe Fruhst. and proserpina Cr., and hr 
addition Holland reports also eriphile Cr. From Obi came the model of our figure 118 b; besides which there 
exists also <2-fa. alcithoe Cr. — - vitramana subsp. nov. designates the (JcJ-specimens from Batjan, Halmaheira vitramana. 
and Ternate contained in the Frtjhstorfer collection. The 3 of the larger form resembles above lisianassa 
Cr., but has the disc on the hindwing more violet than blue and centred with less white; beneath it resembles 
alcithoe Cr.-, moreover we find 33 following the auge CV.-type in its purest form. The $$ conform generally 
either to proserpina Cr., or are intermediate between this and iphigenia. But side by side with these West- 
