554 
HYPO LIMN AS. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
but are, as in cf, on the upper surface of the f. w. sharper and more complete than in the northern forms 
of diomea. The under surface of the h. w. is distinguished hy two white costal spots, of which the one placed 
right above the cell, is not found in diomea. Southern Celebes, where I observed it in the vicinity of the falls 
of Maros at elevations of up to 3200 ft. Flies between January and March. 
dimona. H. dimona Fruhst. cf above closedy allied to //. diomea Hew. from Celebes, but with a complete row 
of white submarginal dots on the f. w., which in the ? are still more pronounced. ?: F. w. with somewhat 
narrower, white, discal band than in diomea-^ ; h. w. brown-black, similar to those of IT. pandarus L. (118 a) 
from the southern Moluccas, with large violet ocelli, pupilled with white. Thus dimona is a transition from H. 
diomea Hew. to H. pandarus L., being at the same time separated from both. The discovery of the larva of this 
beautiful intermediate species is looked forward to with great interest, although it seems still a long way off, con¬ 
sidering that we know as yet nothing about the earlier stages of either H. diomea or pandarus L. Sul a Mangoli. 
H. pandarus, one of the characteristic butterflies of the southern Moluccas, forms quite a series of 
pandarus. eminently differentiated, insular races, all of which might almost pass as distinct species. - pandarus L. 
(118 a, misprinted pandorus), one of the most lovely of the Austro-Malayan Rhopalocera. is in the male sex very 
constant. The under surface is adorned with very large, whitish-violet, submarginal spots, accompanied on the 
h. w. by an extensive yellowish patch with unusually large, pear-shaped ocelli, ringed with black and yellow. 
The proximal border of the submarginal area is more or less dusted with white. ? is very similar to H. 
bolina ? eriphile Cr. (118 a, 3), but is distinguished by the considerably larger white submarginal spots on 
the f. w. and the very distinct, elongate, black ocelli which are delicately pupilled with blue-violet. Beneath 
the ? resembles .the cf, except that the marginal area of the h. w. is much broader and chiefly whitish in 
colour, and that the ocelli are but faintly ringed with orange-yellow. The ¥ which had been given the 
name of pipleis by Linnk, was called lacteolus by Gmelin, and Huebner transferred the name pipleis to the cf 
which had been named calisto by Cramer in 1 7 75. But the earlier authors seem to have ignored an 
interesting aberrative form of the ?, in which the submarginal spots on the upper surface of the f. w. 
triumphans. are very large and light-blue or violet in colour instead of white (= triumphans form. nov.). Specimens 
pandora, from Amboina and Saparua in the Fruhstorfer coll. Not very rare, more so in Ceram. — pandora Wall. 
presents above an entirely altered appearance, whereas on the under surface the characteristic design of 
pandarus is almost unchanged, cf: F. w. with a large, blue-violet, double intramedian spot; h. w. with broad, 
submarginal area of red-orange, enclosing large, black ocelli which are circular and unpupilled. In 
? the submarginal dots on the f. w are whitish-violet and smaller than those found in pandarus; otherwise 
it is like the cf, only the eye-spots on the h. w. are more oblong instead of round, and the three last ones 
are adorned by small violet dots. On the under surface of the f. w. we find a rudimentary, whitish, 
transverse band, which in the ? is often suffused with blue or reddish. All the ocelli are pupilled with blue 
or bluish-white. From the island of Burn; scarce. 
saundersi. H. saundersi Hew. deserves to rank as a species on account of the broad, snowy white band found 
on the f. w. in both sexes, which in the distal half has a blue iridescence. The f. w. has at the anal angle a 
reddish, black-pupilled spot. H. w. resembles that of pandora. The under surface is easily distinguished by the 
gray-brown ground-colour, which is only interrupted by a sharply-defined, narrow, postdiscal band of pure white. 
The ocelli are small, white-pupilled, surrounded by a tract of gray-brown, only at the inner angle feebly bordered 
junta, with reddish. Island of Timor. — junia Fruhst. is of smaller size; f. w. with narrower, white, transverse band; 
the fulvous distal area on the h. w. is not so far extended, but has the black eye-spots more distinct. ? inferior 
in size to saundersi -¥, the length of f. w. being only 58 mm as against 64 mm. Island of Wetter, where it 
was discovered in May by Doherty, who saw a similar form also in Sumba. 
H. octocula is the eastern representative of H. pandarus. Although widely distributed, only a few 
specimens have found their way to Europe; on account of the scarcity of the material we are still in doubt 
octocida. as to whether this or that insular form deserves to be classed as such. But it is certain that octocula Btlr. is 
the oldest name given to those forms, being first applied in January 1869. cf above black-brown, with a 
reddish ochre-yellow, transverse band; the submarginal portion of the h. w. is of the same colour, narrow and 
sharply defined, and contains a number of ocelli which in the cf are quite small and unicolorous, in the ? 
oblong and pupilled with violet. In the ? there appears, moreover, on the f. w. a row of 4 white subapical 
dots, and a subanal patch of white. The under surface is lighter brown, with a dull yellow, transverse band 
on the f w. The h. w. are in the cf traversed by a very narrow longitudinal band, proximally bordering 
the eye-spots which are always pupilled with white or violet, and in the ? surrounded by a brown area. 
formosa. Described from „Tologu“. — formosa H. Schaeff. from Vanua-Lava, one of the Banks Islands belonging to the 
New Hebrides, described in April 1869. Sempers statement that it is found in the Fiji Islands must be doubted. 
elsina. — elsina Btlr. from New Caledonia, may be identical with a pair contained in my collection, from Mare of the 
Loyalty Islands. In all the forms of octocula the chief difference lies in the greater or lesser development of 
pallas. the fulvous, transverse bands. - pallas Sm., presumably from the southern New Hebrides, is somewhat larger 
than the preceding forms, and shows only at the costa of the f. w. the rudiments of a broad, fulvous semi-band. 
The under surface of the f. w. is characterized by a large, quadrate, transcellular spot of pure white colour. Also 
