K ALL IMA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
565 
and buxtoni, covered with shorter hair; in the middle it is moderately broad, only feebly chitinized and ventrally 
quite gently curved. The forewings are adorned with a semi-translucent, sometimes white, subapical spot and 
an intramedian ocellus which is invariably hyaline and only in a few cases found missing in the cfcf of the 
rainy-season form. — huegeli CoH. is an extreme dry-season form found in Cashmere, having the upper surface 
very light blue, with quite narrow orange-coloured bands. — boisduvali Moore (Vol. 1, p 195) is the corresponding 
smaller form ol the monsoon-period. Both forms are confined to the lowest foot-hills of the western Himalayas, 
where they are found from July until November and again after hibernation in April. Their flight is rapid, 
carrying them occasionally beyond the tops of the highest trees. — buckleyi Moore appears from the figure 
(in Lepidopt. Indica) to be an intermediate form, approaching in the darker colouring and the broader orange 
band on the f. w. the form inachus. — huttoni Moore (=atkinsoni Moore) represents the rainy-season form; 
the type came from Masuri where Niceville reports it to be extremely common between July and October. - 
inachus Bsd. (Vol. 1, pi. 60d as chinensis, under side) is the best known and at the same time the most variable 
Kallima. Analogous to huegeli , the dry-season form is distinguished by the extraordinary length of the apex 
of the f. w. as well as of the “foot-stalk” of the h. w., and by the enormous size of the ?¥. — ramsayi Moore, 
the rainy-season form, is much darker and smaller; originally described from Nepal, it ranges as far as Tonkin, 
where it occurs together with inachus and can only be distinguished from specimens from India proper by the 
somewhat richer violet irroration on the orange-coloured band. According to the colouring of the under surface, 
the following forms may be distinguished: foliacea form, nov ., pale-gray all over, resembling a withered leaf 
(Vol. 1, pi. 60 d). — siccifolia form. nov. mimicking on the under surface the broad, black mid-rib of a leaf 
and, forming an oblique angle with it, a number of parallel, finer cross-ribs. marmorata form, nov., ground¬ 
colour chiefly yellowish, clouded with red-brown. — uredinophora form, nov., generally found together with 
foliacea and siccifolia, remarkable for the fungiform spots on the intranerval spaces, resembling rust or mildew. 
inachus is very common in Sikkim at elevations of up to 5000 ft, especially from March until November; old 
beer kegs and stale beer form an irresistible attraction. In Deccan they are found as far as the Central 
Province and Orissa, reaching the Godavary River in the Eastern Ghats. The specimens 1 took in Tenasserim in 
May and in Tonkin during June, all belong to inachus , whereas the cfcf caught at Chiem-Hoa (Tonkin) in 
August must be classed with ramsayi. A ? found in Tenasserim represents an extreme fa. uredinophora , having 
the entire under surface apparently covered with mildew. — siamensis subsp. nov. is the name of a smaller 
form, recalling in the pale blue colouring of the upper surface K. huegeli and still more chinensis. In size 
approaching the d'd' of chinensis , ramsayi from Sikkim lias, although collected during the most extreme dry- 
season, the apex of the f. w. but moderately produced, even in the ?. In Siam 1 had occasion to observe K. 
inachus siamensis under totally different conditions. On account of the intense dryness nearly all the butterflies 
collected along the water courses or on certain clay-banks over which some water was dripping; also 
Kallima and Euploea put in an appearance, alighting on those wet slopes and eagerly sipping the coveted fluid 
(Hydrotropism); as their wings were folded they seemed very well protected; they fly in January at an elevation 
of about 1000 ft. — chinensis Swinh. (Vol. 1, p. 195, pi. 60 d) is inferior in size to inachus from India and 
Farther India; the orange-yellow band on the f. w. is proximally not bordered with violet or purple. From 
western China, also from ltchang in central China. — eucerca Fruhst. (Vol. 1, p. 195, pi. 60 d) is of a deeper 
blue colour, with a darker band of red-orange on the f. w.; the type came from Okinawa; it frequents the woods 
whence it can be attracted by a cloth moistened with rice-brandy. Being found already in March, it becomes quite 
common in July. In Ishigaki we find in August an allied form, having as a rule in the ?? the subapical area 
of the h. w. shaded with yellow. Among the 15 specimens of eucerca contained in my coll, the fa. siccifolia 
is not represented, the majority following the more ordinary dark foliacea- type. But frequently the under side 
is coloured a beautiful red-brown, recalling the far-famed autumn-tints of the Japanese Maples and termed for 
that reason acerifolia form. nov. This is especially noticed in the magnificent large ?? from Ishigaki. - 
formosana Fruhst. (111c) is rather inferior in size (especially in ?) to chinensis and eucerca , from which it differs 
moreover in the narrower band on the f. w. which as to shade of colour stands about midway between the 
darker eucerca and the rather lighter form from the main land. The brillant, lustrous blue of the upper surface 
harmonizes better with eucerca from the Liu-Kiu Archipelago. The under surface is a rule dark; 1 cf, 2 ?? 
contained in my coll, belong to urediniphora , whereas the red-brown fall-colouring (fa. acerifolia ) is only 
indicated in one o 71 . Quite frequent on the southern point of the island (Taihanroku), but also occurring in the 
foot-hills up to elevations of about 3000 ft, in June. I suppose that a similar form is found at Hongkong, 
whereas it never has been mentioned from Hainan. 
K. limborgi takes the place of inachus in the Macromalayan Region, being distinguished from it by the 
invariably rounded outline of the wings, the deeper blue of the upper surface, the more intense, violet-blue 
iridescence on the deeper orange-red and more regular band, as well as by the smaller and more circular 
hyaline spots on the f. w. The under side is darker throughout, invariably traversed by a broader band which 
is brown or green and proximally striped with white. The predominant form is foliacea, but also the fa. 
acerifolia occurs, showing the most perfect development, and displaying a purple iridescence. The fa. siccifolia 
does not occur or appears to be rare, and the fa. urediniphora is met with in its pure form only in the 
continental race limborgi , whereas in the insular forms we see no broad “mildewy” spots, appearing like clouds, 
but only some scattering fungiform markings resembling black powder. The under surface is, moreover, 
huegeli. 
boisduvali. 
buckleyi. 
huttoni. 
inachus. 
ramsayi. 
foliacea. 
siccifolia. 
marmorata. 
uredino¬ 
phora. 
siamensis. 
chinensis. 
eucerca. 
acerifolia. 
formosana. 
