566 
KALLIMA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
distinguished from inachus by the presence of more distinct ocelli. As in inachus, so in this form the 2 differs 
but slightly from the c? in its somewhat larger size. Altogether the resemblance with the mainland form 
inachus is so strong, that one is greatly surprised to observe the essential difference presented in the sexual 
organs. The uncus is more sharply cleft, distally not so smoothly polished as in inachus, but drawn out to a 
sharp point curving downward. The valve is larger, ventrally distended, the medial ledge broader, provided 
with a secondary dorsal ledge, covered with long bristles and more thoroughly chitinized. Only the whip- 
limborgi. shaped penis and its sheath are analogous to that of inachus. We distinguish four local forms: limborgi Moore 
is considerably smaller than the figured tribonia (11 Id), approaching inachus on the undersurface, but differing 
in the general colouring and the presence of the ocelli also in the median area of the f. w. ; as well as in the 
broad, green, white-margined longitudinal stripes. Found between February and November anywhere from Bhamo 
in Upper Burmah to Lower Tenasserim, at elevations of up to 1300 ft. According to Dr. Manders it is quite 
amplirufa. common in the Shan-States during the latter months of the rainy-season. — amplirufa Fruhst. replaces limborgi 
in the Malay Peninsula. The band on the f. w. is deeper red-yellow and narrower than in the more northern 
form limborgi. Beneath it resembles the forms from Sumatra in having in the place of the mildewy patches 
innumerable, scattering black dots. It is very rare, the few specimens which are known Bingham mistook for 
tribonia. inachus. — tribonia Fruhst. (Ilid), discovered in Sumatra by W allace, who made it the subject of his most 
interesting and popular description of the perfect simulation practiced by these minute comedians. The darker 
and more violet steel-blue colour and the much narrower bands of the f. w. distinguish tribonia from buxtoni, 
with which it had hitherto been united. Beneath it is like amplirufa finely dotted with black. In the Fruhstorfer 
Coll, only the fa. foliacea and acerifolia are represented. Hagen reports that tribonia is not at all rare in the 
forests of north-eastern Sumatra, being often found on the trunks of certain trees, drinking the out-flowing sap. 
To see a few of these Kallima , sitting on a tree, together with a number of the violet-blue Zeuxidia is enough 
to move any lover of nature to ecstasy. I possess a number of lovely specimens from near Padang Pandjang, 
buxtoni. western Sumatra, where the natives call it “Kupu bandeira” (the flag-butterfly). — buxtoni Moore is distributed 
all over Borneo. In both sexes it differs from specimens from Sumatra in the lighter blue of the upper surface, 
the paler and broader, orange-coloured band on the f. w., and in that the under surface is more darkly obscured 
with black. It is not at all common; specimens from Kina Balu and the province of Anumtai in my coll. - 
paralecta. K. paralecta Horsf. (111c) represents an intermediate form between inachus and buxtoni; whereas in the cf 
we find a great resemblance to buxtoni , the sexually dimorphic 22 approach inachus in the far-produced apex 
of the f. w. and in the pale colour of the under surface, which is covered with large “mildew” spots and plainly 
displays the siccifolia- type. Still the total aspect of the under surface is darker, with a tendency towards 
ocellation. — Both the fa. marmorata as well as siccifolia may combine with the colouring of acerifolia. Some 
specimens of the fa. marmorata display still another colour-design, consisting of peculiarly gray-brown instead 
of yellowish spots. The mid-rib may be very strongly developed, being distally shaded, both in cf and 2, with 
nubilosa. olive-green or black (nubilosa form. nov.)\ finally there exist cPcP which have the distal portion of the basal 
half and the anal angle whitish in both wings. In three out of 12 cPcP contained in my coll, the translucent 
spot between the medians above is concealed, analogous to pi. Ill d. The 2 is above brown, costall v somewhat 
yellowish, with a broad, milky-white band, bordered on either side with light purple or violet, paralecta is one 
of the most characteristic butterflies of eastern Java. On my first excursion to the Tengger Mts in the interior 
of the island 1 encountered it at an elevation of ca. 3000 ft above the level of the sea, shortly after the 
cessation of a violent rain-storm. The butterflies were fluttering about the dense shrubs composing the edge 
of the woods, alighting without any fear, the wings closed, upon the upper surface of the leaves, but 
not without having for a moment in a sort of coquettish playfulness allowed their gorgeous blue to reflect 
the sunshine. One year afterwards 1 visited the Zuidergebergde in the southern part of eastern Java, where 
the limestone-hills, at that time still covered with woods, rise to about 2000 ft. With the help of some 
suspended bananas I succeeded in capturing a great number of paralecta which were quite common in that 
region, although they were exceedingly shy and knew well how to conceal themselves in the dense underbrush. 
Is it possible that they only leave this protecting cover, when the time arrives for their nuptial flight? The 
Javanese call them “Kupu-Pleper-Pleper” on account of their clumsy flight. In western Java they are decidedly 
more scarce, particularly towards the end of the rainy-season (January). 
K. horsfieldi resembles K. inachus in the shape of the wings, but differs in having the upper surface 
light gray-blue without any violet iridescence and in having the band on the f. w. appear in all shades from 
greenish to blue-white; moreover, there are found specimens which are very much smaller in size than inachus. 
Although the same seasonal forms may be distinguished as in the latter, the leaf-design on the under surface 
does not vary in colour so greatly as in the species from northern India; the f. marmorata is apparently not 
represented and the median band is always much broader, somewhat recalling buxtoni. The sexual organs 
are highly specialized. The uncus is shorter, broader and not cleft as in K. inachus and buxtoni, but distally 
deeply excavated and anteriorly sharply cut off. The valve is most complicated, having the broader ventral 
portion short and flat, the median portion projecting like a beam, sharply dentate, altogether similar to the valve 
of Hestia. Penis is not bucciniform, but sword-shaped, distally pointed, with a projecting tooth just before the 
end. The saccus is shorter than in any other Kallima. The valve is distinguished by two finger-shaped 
appendages, accompanied posteriorly by two pairs of tassel-shaped attachments not unlike the pistil in a 
