CYRESTIS. Bv H. Fruhstorfer. 
579 
al stripes; but this border is not so broad as in nivea. The yellow colouring of the anal angle of both wings 
is much deeper and richer, being almost a red-brown. From rothschildi it is discriminated by the much finer 
meridional stripes, the middle one of which leaves on the hindwing the fine black line that serves to close 
the cell, entirely free, whereas in rothschildi it completely covers it. The blue line adorning the submarginal 
band on the hindwing is only indicated in the anal third of this band, whereas in rothschildi it is very plain; 
on the other hand irmae has the yellow anal area of the hindwing very broad and intensely coloured, whereas 
in rothschildi it shows among all species of this group the weakest development. Of the chain-pattern only two 
well-developed links can be recognized at the anal end of the submarginal band on the hindwing. —- subob- subobscurus. 
scurus Sivinh. unknown to me in natura, appears from the diagnosis by its author which is given hereafter, 
to be a highly differentiated, melanotic, insular form having the ground-colour gray with purplish lustre. The 
upper surface is marked with 10 darker, purplish-brown, longitudinal stripes, placed so close together that the 
wings almost appear black. The fore wings have between the fifth and sixth black band a white zone. Beneath 
all bands reappear as delicate streaks of a paler colour than above. Island of Nias, where it must be extremely 
scarce, as it was not represented in the tens of thousands of specimens collected by missionaries, which I had 
through the kindness of Prof. Thiemes the chance of examining. Swinhoe compares subobscurus with maenalis 
and seminigra, indicating thereby their relationship. 
C. heracles Stgr. has but little of the white ground-colour left and was formerly placed by me into the heracles. 
acilia- group, whereas Staudinger compares it with strigata Fldr. from Celebes which likewise belongs to 
acilia. The two basal meridional stripes are very heavy, leaving room between them only for some narrow 
stripes of a dirty brown-gray; the third meridional stripe is completely wanting, and the remainder of the 
white ground-colour, which is entirely absent from the submarginal band on the forewing, appears as a 
rather narrow white median band. The hindwings, although lacking the blue ornamental line in the submarginal 
band, have the chain-pattern quite complete, consisting of 6 links; also on the forewing this pattern may be 
recognized; whereas all the other species of this and the preceding group have on the hindwing distally to the sub¬ 
marginal band in the upper part of the outer border a triangular spot of the same shade as the ground-colour, 
this species has in its place only a dirty-white line composed of a few broken streaks. The yellow colour 
of the anal angle is changed to a drill walnut-brown. But the under surface shows much more of the ground¬ 
colour, resembling that of the dark subspecies of hylas and particularly obscuratus. The $$ greatly resemble 
the d'd', but are larger and of lighter colour, being not black-brown, but dark smoky-brown. One $ from 
Besi has the two median bands on both wings laved with yellow, which may also be observed on the hindwings 
of Mangoli-$$, although not so distinctly. In Stattdinger’s collection. The last species of the maenalis- 
group, telamon and heracles, have the yellow anal spot on the forewing placed no more precisely on the outer margin, 
but more inward, which is always the case in the thyodamas- group; but the entire nature of the submarginal 
band, particularly its continuity, place the two species here. 
C. telamon is represented by a number of well-differentiated insular races found all over the Moluccas. 
The ground-colour is clear white; both wings have the basal half traversed by three, nearly equally broad, black- 
brown bands, extending from the costa of the forewing to the anal margin of the hinclwing; on the interspaces 
between these bands the ground-colour is not clear, but shaded with gray; the first of these bands is entirely 
basal, the second one is at its starting point split into two darker branches, enclosing a patch heavily dusted 
with gray, and the third one encloses on the forewing the black lines which serve to close the cell. Beyond these 
the white ground-colour appears in the shape of a broad median band, decreasing in width toward the costa 
of the forewing and the anal margin of the hindwing. This white median band is encroached upon by a fine 
black line, which starts at the anal angle of the hindwing and ends in a sharp point at the middle median 
nervule, being probably the remainder of the third meridional stripe. The submarginal band on the hind¬ 
wing, which consists of three lines and is adorned at the anal angle between the median nervules with a delicate 
violet line, continues distinct on the forewing, enclosing distally to the anal angle a yellow spot pupilled 
with two black and white dots, and above this a larger, round, black, ocellus-like patch proximally bordered 
by a pale blue crescent; in the middle of the band, between the second median nervule and the lower radial, 
the ground-colour appears, which surrounds distally also the yellow spot and the ocellus-like black patch; at 
the apex of the forewing the submarginal band becomes again distinct and complete; of the four white subapical 
elongate spots, the two larger, innermost are placed upon the submarginal band, the two outer, smaller 
ones between this and the inner of the two black submarginal lines. At the anal angle of the hindwing the 
submarginal band displays distinctly the chain-pattern, two perfect links being discernible. Distally the 
submarginal band is accompanied on either wing by two submarginal and one marginal black line, the inter¬ 
spaces of which display the ground-colour more or less plainly. On the hindwing the inner one of these two 
submarginal lines is very broad and diverges above the second link, from the submarginal band toward the outer 
