580 
CYRESTIS. By H. Frtjhstorfer. 
border, forming thereby an acute triangle of the ground-colour, the base of which is represented by the excavated 
apex of the hindwing. Both the anal projection and the lower half of the anal margin are broadly marked with 
brown-yellow and with a black dot on each, the upper one of which opposite to the black tail is bordered with 
white. The under surface is like the upper surface, only the ground-colour which is of a somewhat yellowish 
shade, predominates in consequence of all the black markings being reduced, with the exception of the two 
black dots in the anal area, which are more distinct and larger. Thorax and abdomen are above striped with 
brownish and blackish, beneath yellow-white. This species is distinctly subject to Melanism, which becomes 
more evident the farther north one goes, for which reason we must enumerate a few new subspecies, in order 
telamon , to distinguish the forms of the northern Moluccas from the typical Ini as. - telamon L. (= hylas Clerk, rudis Fldr.) 
is, although the earliest described, the rarest among all the species of Cyrestis, being found but in a few collections. 
The more we must wonder at the fact that it was the first one to become known to science. But Linne obtained 
most of his exotic specimens from Holland, and as Amboina was the earliest Dutch settlement in the East 
and the first to be scientifically explored, it happened that the rare hylas was known in Europe- long before 
the other, nowadays much more common, species. My collection contains two $<3 from eastern Ceram found 
buruensis. by H. Kuehn. The $ is much larger and paler (1 $ from Ceram in the Tring Museum). —- buruensis Mart. 
is darker and smaller than hylas. The white median band is more conspicuous, and connected on the forewing 
with the small rest of the white ground-colour enclosed in the submarginal band between the second median 
and the lower radial, because the inner one of the three stripes composing the submarginal band has become 
obsolete throughout, excepting a faintly-indicated, black dot on the third median. At the anal angle of the hind¬ 
wing we find, as in hylas, a short, black streak entering the white median band, representing a rest of the 
obianus. obsolete third meridional stripe. Beneath it is much darker than hylas. Island of Burn. — obianus Mart. 
(122 a) is the smallest form of this sj)ecies, closely allied to buruensis, but a shade darker; the white median band 
somewhat broader; the pale blue crescent proximally bordering the black ocellus in the submarginal band on 
the forewing is of a whitish shade; on the hindwings the rest of the third meridional stripe is at the anal 
end of the white median band very distinct and broader at the base; the inner of the two black submar¬ 
ginal lines on the hindwings is very broad, rendering the triangle of the ground-colour very narrow; also the 
remainder of the ground-colour in the submarginal band on the forewing is greatly reduced and divided into 
two white spots, in consequence of the black ocellus being united on the second median nervule with the outer edge 
of the submarginal band. All the yellow markings of hylas at the anal angles on either wing are dark brown. The 
under surface is very dark; the second meridional stripe, which in hylas is on the under surface of the hindwing at its 
lower extremity near the anal angle yellow, is in obianus black, connecting with the first by a distinct black 
obscuratus. arch. Obi. — obscuratus Mart, from Batjan and Halmaheira, is still darker than buruensis and obianus-, be¬ 
tween the basal meridional stripes the white interspaces are on the upper surface no longer visible; the median band 
is very narrow, and separated from the remainder of the ground-colour left in the submarginal band on the fore¬ 
wings by a heavy, indistinctly defined, brownish-gray line, which is only above the third median slightly inter¬ 
rupted ; on the hindwing the rest of the third meridional stripe visible at the anal extremity of the white median 
band closely borders the outer basal stripe, appearing only between the first and second medians as a short, 
brown spur, touching with its upper point the second median: On the under surface of either wing the white 
ground-colour appears between the basal stripes broad and distinct, although not so clear as in obianus-, the 
yellow markings are darker than in hylas, but lighter than in obianus. In size it equals hylas, the $$ are 
obscurissi- paler and still larger. — obseurissimus Mart, from Morotai, the most northern island in the entire range of hylas , 
mus . j s the darkest and largest subspecies. On the forewing the inner, very broad line of the submarginal band entirely 
borders the median band on the outside; the veins, especially both radials, are so heavily obscured with black, 
that the white median band begins to make the impression of a macular band. The hindwing has the remainder 
of the third meridional stripe at the anal end of the median band very fully developed and reaching the third 
median nervule. The pale blue crescent proximally bordering the ocellus in the submarginal band on the 
forewing is wanting. The type ( 1 $) in the Tring Museum was collected by Dumas at Mira in Morotai in November 
1898. 
a daemon . C. adaemon Godm. a. Salv. replaces telamon in the Bismarck Archipelago. According to Martin 
the wings are more rounded than in any other Cyrestis, the two basal stripes very heavy, the broadly white median 
area characterized by a delicate black line. The hindwing has on the under surface the anal angle 
more broadly laved with yelloiv than in the described forms of telamon. Rather scarce. My collection contains 
specimens from Neu-Lauenburg and Neu-Pommern, where according to Ribbe it is not found along water¬ 
courses, but only on shrubs which are fully exposed to the sun. 
C. thyodamas is the best known species of a group found on the mainland of Asia and the Anda¬ 
mans, whereas it is not represented in the Macromalayan islands and the Moluccas; but—curiously enough — 
