CHERSONESIA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
593 
c-v 
- PM. 25. IX. 1912. 
fP . . ■ - - 
of this subspecies and the following species. The $$ which are of a paler colour, do not exceed in size 
the but have the terminal margin of the forewing strongly convex and display in the submarginal 
band the two pale-coloured patches found also in risa. Of course cyanee approximates much more to tran- 
siens than to risa, since nearly all Rhopalocera occurring in Sumatra represent rainy-season forms. 
C. excellens Mart., a very dark-coloured, large species from Borneo (Kina-Balu), occupying an inter- excellens. 
mediate position. Ground-colour a brillant, dark brown-yellow; the two first meridional stripes are double, 
their intervening spaces very broad and heavily dusted with black all over excepting the small area confined between 
the two lines within the second stripe which apparently close the cell of the forewing, which area displays 
the ground-colour as it does in cyanee ; the third meridional stripe likewise very broad, sharply defined proxi- 
mally, but gradually shading into the ground-colour externally; on the fore wing it confluesces by means of a 
square, black-dusted patch between the second and third median nervules with the submarginal band which 
appears here slightly convex toward the base and displays at the anal angle two distinct chain-links; the very 
dark outer margin is edged by a black submarginal line. The hindwing has two anal ocelli placed concavely 
toward the anal angle and forming an angle with the submarginal band; below these ocelli a very fine 
violet line forms the inner edge of the black marginal line. The middle l ine of the submarginal band is broken up 
into 6 heavy black streaks, the two hindmost of which resemble the links of a chain. Under surface very 
black, with darker markings than are found in any other species of Chersonesia. Shajie of fore wing not so 
rounded as in rahria, more like in risa ; tail and anal projection smaller than in risa and its subspecies. Expanse 
of wings 36 mm. 4 $$ in Tring Museum, 1 in Stattdinger’s Collection. Both in risa and subspecies as well 
as in excellens the submarginal band on the forewing is entirely straight and parallel to the terminal border; 
its two bordering lines are represented by almost rectilinear streaks; the black lines which apparently close the 
cell on the forewing are placed within the second meridional stripe, and neither wing displays any chain-pat- 
tern except in excellens. In all the following species the inner bordering line of the submarginal band on 
the forewing is not straight but undulate, being between the second and third median nervules convexely in¬ 
curved and turning before the costa at the lower radial in a basal direction; the black lines marking the end 
of the cell on the forewing are not placed within but proximally to the second, double meridional stripe, inter¬ 
secting the inner bordering line of this stripe at an acute angle; the chain-pattern is always evident on the hind¬ 
wing, frequently also at the anal angle of the forewing. 
C. rahrioides Moore from Burmah, Tenasserim and the Shan States is, like excellens, an intermediate rahrioides. 
form between risa and rahria, possessing of the former the contours, of the latter the markings; it is distinguished 
by the peculiar, dull buff ground-colour and by having all markings, particularly the third meridional stripe, 
exceedingly thin and faint. The lines marking the end of the cell on the forewing are placed proximally to the 
second meridional stripe; the inner bordering line of the submarginal band on the forewing curved as in rahria ; 
between first and second meridional stripes a short black transverse streak reaching from costa almost to me¬ 
dian vein and only again met with in rahria. The middle line of the submarginal band on the hindwing is broken 
up into single streaks, but displays no chain-pattern. Collected by me during August and September at Chiem- 
Hoa in Tonkin. 
C. rahria Moore (121 e) is the most common and wide-spread species of the subgenus. Specimens from rahria. 
Perak, Deli, Sumatra, Nias, Java and Borneo found in my collection hardly differ at all from one another, 
excepting that those from Java and Mindanao are somewhat smaller than specimens from Sumatra and Borneo. 
Two distinct anal ocelli are placed in a line with the submarginal band on the hinclwing which displays a very 
plain ocellate chain. The forewing shows between first and second meridional stripes, about midway between 
costa and median vein, a short, diffuse dash of fuscous pointing in distal direction. The $$ are larger and 
lighter in colour, with more rounded wings. Several subspecies are known: — apicusta Hag. from the Menta- apicusta. 
wej Islands to the West of Sumatra. A rather weak subspecies ,,somewhat larger than rahria, from 
which it is distinguished in by having the apex of the forewing above broadly dusted with fuscous as far 
as the middle of the costa, and by the more brillant and deeper colouring. The hinclwings have on the upper 
surface the transverse submarginal band rather more curved, its two bordering lines more undulate and the 
black streaks composing the middle line shorter and consequently farther apart. $ differs from rahria only 
in its larger size and in the nature of the submarginal band on the upper surface of the hindwings just described. 
Beneath both subspecies and sexes are practically alike”. But few specimens contained in European collections. 
— sarnia Fruhst. <$ very slightly paler than apicusta Hag. from Mentawej, having all the longitudinal bands sauna. 
apicallymore strongly curved, the under surface lighter coloured, with more prominent bands. $ marked above 
with unusually rich pale yellow spots, which recur also beneath, but are here of a bluish-violet shade; all the 
longitudinal bands are considerably broader than in J; altogether they are much darker than $$ from Java 
and Nias, approaching more closely those from Celebes. Scarce, only one pair in the Fruhstorfer collection. 
—• celebensis Rothsch. fromBangkai (Semper), must be classed much rather with rahria which it resembles in celebcnsis. 
the submarginal band on the forewing as well as in the single third meridional stripe, than with peralca which 
has the third meridional stripe double. The forewing has the costa distinctly curved in the manner peculiar to 
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