594 
NEPTIS. By H. Fruhstorfer, 
all Celebian Rhopalocera. The two inner meridional stripes are filled in with a much darker colour than in 
rahria, the third meridional stripe broader, especially in £, and starting in at the costa of the hindwing 
above in the shape of a square patch of dull black which is not found in rahria ; on the under surface of the 
forewing the same stripe is, close to the inner margin below r the first median nervule, shaded with fuscous. The 
$ has the under surface very pale, and displays on the upper surface in reflected light a delicate pink lustre. 
Collected by me in North and South Celebes. $$ captured in South Celebes during January are larger than 
mangolina. those taken in December at Toli-Toli. Also from Bangkai. — - mangolina Fruhst. (121 f) from Mangoli and Besi 
is smaller and, like all forms from Sula, of melanotic attire. Ground-colour darker fulvous, all borders and bands 
more broadly black. Types in the Fruhstorfer Collection, excellens excepted, mangolina has the darkest ground¬ 
colour; interspaces between the two inner meridional stripes dusted with fuscous, the third meridional stripe 
single, very broad, still more so than in celebensis ; apex of forewing very dark, the inner line of the submarginal 
band on the hindwing very broad, interrupted into streaks; two anal ocelli; under surface darker than in 
celebensis-, the $$ are larger, slightly paler in colour, displaying likewise in a certain light a delicate pink 
lustre. 
intermedia. C. intermedia Mart, from Sumatra (District of Gayu), Malay Peninsula and Borneo, derived its name 
from being an intermediate form between the preceding rahria and the following peraka. Much smaller than rahria, 
ground-colour more dusky and dull; the two inner, double meridional stripes are filled in with fuscous; the third 
meridional stripe displays on the fore wing between the second and third median nervules a tendency to confluesce 
with the line bordering the inside of the submarginal band and presenting a curve as in rahria ; the two anal 
ocelli do not continue in a straight line but at an angle with the submarginal band, presenting toward 
the anal angle a concave line. Under surface has the ground-colour more dull, with blacker markings than in 
rahria. Both tail and anal projection are greatly reduced. 
The two following remaining species occupy a somewhat singular position, the hindwing being almost round and 
the tail and anal projection only indicated by a heavier marginal line; moreover, they have on either wing the third 
meridional stripe quite as distinctly double as the two basal ones. 
- peraka. C. peraka Dist. (121 f called perakana) from Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula (Perak, Penang), Nias, Su¬ 
matra, Java, Bali, Borneo. A very small species having the hindwing completely round and the ground-colour 
rather pale yellow; all three meridional stripes are double and filled in with blackish as in intermedia-, on the 
forewing the lines marking the end of the cell are placed basally to the second meridional stripe; the inner bordering 
line of the submarginal band is curved as in rahria-, the short black streak between first and second meridional 
stripes on the upper surface of the forewing between costa and median vein generally visible; two distinct 
anal ocelli form the continuation of the ocellate chain; tail and anal projection only indicated by the heavier 
marginal and submarginal lines. The $.<$ of this species are very scarce; one specimen from Nias contained 
aza. in my collection is greatly inferior in size to the much darker from Java. —- aza Streck., described 
from two specimens from Tring, Lower Siam, is perhaps synonymous with peraka. 
niccvillei. C. nicevillei Mart, from the mountains in the Karo District to the south of Deli, Sumatra, is a very 
interesting species, larger than peraka, having the ground-colour brillant dark orange-yellow, all the meridio¬ 
nal stripes double, the two basal ones dusted with fuscous; the black streaks marking the end of the cell on the 
forewing stand basally to the second meridional stripe; the first meridional stripe is of very irregular shape, 
broken up into 3—4 spots; the submarginal band on the forewing is likewise remarkable for being twice inter¬ 
rupted, once on the first median nervule where between the lowest link of the row and the next following very 
large one above it, a rather broad strip of the ground-colour intervenes, and again on the third median nervule 
which is surrounded as far as the terminal border by a strip of the ground-colour. The hindwing displays 
a very distinct ocellate chain and, continuing in a straight line, two anal ocelli. Tail barely visible, whereas 
the anal projection is indicated by the broadening of the inner marginal line. Under surface paler, but with 
very dark markings. A very rare species, the type of which is in the Tring Museum. 4 <$<§ in the Martin 
Collection. 
Tribus: Neptididi. 
Genus: F. 
From their nearest allies, the Limenitidi, Neptis may be separated 1. by the absence of the median 
spur on the forewing and 2. by the thinner, more rounded, sack or egg-shaped contour of the wings. In no 
case do the hindwings display any excavation or the pointed shape peculiar to the Athymidi. Still greater 
is the difference in the larva, those of Neptis being remarkable for the many hump-like dorsal'excrescences 
and their curved shape, whereas those of the Limenitidi are more straight and cylindrical in shape. Their sexual 
organs differ greatly from those of the Limenitidi and Apaturidi and, although approaching somewhat the 
former in their general characteristics, may be easily distinguished from the Limenitidi as well as from all 
