616 
NEPTIS. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
considerably larger than in Javanese $$ the remaining spots and white bands on hindwing somewhat smaller 
and narrower. Under-surface: Ground-colour, especially of the distal and anal portions of hindwing, much 
darker chocolate-brown than in bataviana Moore. $ has the white discal band on hindwing hardly one half 
as wide as in Javanese specimens, the postdiscal band much broader and nearly entirely black; the inner sub- 
marginal band is composed of more regular spots, and the white marginal spots have almost completely disappea- 
kangeana. red, being replaced by broad spots of blackish-brown. Bawean, July—-September. — In kangeana Fruhst. 
we notice a still more highly developed insular Melanism, the cellular streaks and the spots at apex of cell 
on fore wing being greatly reduced. In <$$ the under surface of the hindwing is of a still darker colour than in 
baweana, and the postdiscal bands are nearly wholly black. Kangean. Both sexes represented in the Frtjh- 
lombokiana. storfer Collection. — lombokiana Fruhst., has still narrower bands than kangeana, differing from this as 
well as from bataviana Moore in the uniformly deep red-brown colouring of the under surface, which appears 
but slightly paler than in singa Fruhst. Lombok, from Ekas on the coast and Sapit (2000 ft.) as far as Sambalun, 
sumbana. an elevation of 4000 ft., from .April until June. - sumbana Fruhst. (125 e), an insular form differing from the 
preceding dark forms in its unusually light colouring and showing—curious enough—hardly any resemblance 
to the neighbouring lombokiana Fruhst. $$ of smaller size than Javanese specimens, with delicate white mar¬ 
kings; the submarginal spots on forewing much more conspicuous than in bataviana, the submarginal band on 
hindwing at least twice as broad. <$ has on the under surface the ground-colour much lighter reel-brown, all 
white bands daintier, although more prominent than in the Javanese form, the white costal margin and the 
subbasal band on hindwing twice as broad, but the discal band a great deal narrower. $ likewise more richly 
adorned with white than Javanese particularly the subbasal band on hindwing is of remarkable width; 
but the antemarginal bands greatly reduced, almost to one half the width of those of bataviana Moore. Island of 
ophiandla Sumba, presumably also on Sumbawa and Flores. — ophianella Stgr. resembles much rather junibah Moore 
from Ceylon than columella from the Sunda Islands, in the black subapical rings on under surface of forewing 
angcira. and in the feeble submarginal dots on hindwing. Palawan. — angara Senvp., an interesting, dusky local form 
leading over to daria Flclr. from Celebes. It might almost be taken for an extreme rainy-season form of Ph. 
columella, but the bands are still narrower, in $ the intramedian spots are either completely wanting or only 
the middle one is visible in the shape of a mere dot. Beneath it resembles claira Fldr., but is somewhat darker 
mesogaia. brown, with reduced white markings. Elies in July. Camiguin de Mindanao. — In mesogaia subsp. nov. from 
Mindanao the white transverse bands are still narrower than in angara and, in addition, shaded with yellowish. 
soror. Rather scarce. Type in the Semper Collection. — soror Semp., of much smaller size, resembles baweana 
Fruhst. (125 f) and singa Fruhst. in the increased white markings. Under surface, however, more yellowish- 
brown than in baweana, and much lighter than in angara Semp. and mesogaia Fruhst. Type from the Camotes. 
cumeneia. — eumeneia subsp. nov. from Mindoro was united by Semper with soror ; but a study of the beautiful speci¬ 
mens contained in Semper’s and Staudinger’s collections shows that eumeneia has the white spots much larger 
than soror, and clearer white than angara and mesogaia Fruhst. (the latter is erroneously marked soror in Stau- 
dinger’s collection). Under surface with narrow stripes of pale red-brown. Calapan, Mindoro, collected by Dr. 
guimaren- Platen. — guimarensis subsp. nov. from the island of Guimaras which was already mentioned in our Chapter 
SIS - on the Satyridae ( Culapa) and Amathusiidae ( Faunis), on account of the peculiar development of remarkable 
local forms upon that island, guimarensis represents a transition to eremita from Luzon, but has the spot 
at the apex of the cell on forewing as well as the intramedian spots still larger, and also the submarginal band 
eremita. on hindwing broader. Type in Semper’s collection in the Senckenberg Museum. — eremita Fldr., the most 
northern of the insular forms, represents the most extreme albino form of the entire species. In the extent 
of the white markings it surpasses even bataviana Moore and alesia Fruhst., and the under surface of the dry- 
season form is not infrequently pale yellow. Often the white markings of the upper surface have a greenish 
cast, which is the rule in fresli specimens of all the forms of columella. Luzon, April til December. -— 
sambaita. sarabaita Fldr., origin unknown, appears from the description to be a dry-season form, probably from the 
Philippines. 
N. daria, a distinct form replacing N. columella in the Celebian Subregion of the Malay Archipelago. 
Measuring 70 mm in expanse, it is one of the largest forms, approaching N. columella tonkiniana Fruhst. and 
columella Cr., but lias, like all Celebian Rhopalocera, the wings more elongate and pointed. Ground-colour 
chiefly brown and not black, markings more uniformly broad, in $ as a rule shaded with dull grey 
or brown. Forewing with two rows of submarginal spots. Under surface of SS light chocolate brown, 
of dark, varying according to locality. The second subbasal band on under surface of hindwing 
daria. longer than the first, anterior one, and nearly 'twice as wide as in 'columella. — daria Fldr. is found 
in the Minahassa and probably extends throughout North Celebes as far as Donggala. I collected great 
numbers of it near Toli-Toli in November and December. The bands above very narrow, dusted with 
albescens, dull brownish-grey. -— albescens Eothsch., originally based upon an aberrative specimen remarkable for the 
greatly shortened white subcostal band on hindwing, is the oldest name of the form from South Celebes, 
