PANTOPORIA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
631 
parajina Fruhst., distinguished by the short forewings and the peculiar shape of the hindwings which are at parajina. 
the anal angle considerably contracted and narrower. On both wings the white markings are without a vestige 
of yellow irroration, and the bands are steeper than in opalina. The white spots in the submarginal band on the 
hindwing are widely separated by the broadly black veins, whereas in opalina they form a continuous chain. 
The colouring of the under surface holds about the middle between opalina and orientalis Elw. All the white 
spots are shorter, but more conspicuous, regular, and closer together. On the forewing the white antemarginal 
band broader. The red-brown discal band of spots on hindwing is likewise more pronounced, reaching the 
anal angle, where it is broadest, whereas in opalina it breaks off at the median vein. South Annam, Plateau of 
Lang-Bian, 5000 ft., collected by Fruhstorfer in February. 
II. Sexes dimorphic. Eyes always naked. 
P. selenophora ranges over the entire Indian Region, being found even in the southernmost Liu-Kiu 
Islands and all over the Macromalayan Region. It is one of the least resistent species of Pantoporia; the dry- 
and wet-season forms deviating considerably from each other, not only in colouring, but also in the outline 
of their wings which, rounded in the rainy-season form, grow distinctly acuminate in the dry-season form. 
It is natural that also local varieties have developed, and we observe here again the fact that the Javanese form 
much more approximates to that from North India than to its immediate neighbours in the Macromalayan 
Region. This is especially remarkable in the thus jadava Fldr. (which replaces selenophora Roll, in Java) 
is beneath hardly to be distinguished from the dry-season form of the $ of selenophora in India. But Sumatra 
$$ differ in colouring and design both from selenophora and jadava. — ishiana Fruhst. surpasses in size speci- ishiana. 
mens from the Continent. $ distinguished by the large median band on both wings which are still more heavily 
dusted with pale violet-blue than in laela (123 d). $ almost by one half larger than epibaris $ (123 d), with 
more rounded wings, but with unusually contracted and almost yellowish-white bands. Under surface of $$ 
very brillantly coloured. Forewing dark brown, shaded with black, hindwing beautifully yellow or red-brown, 
occasionally with slightly diffuse submarginal bands. Originally described from a $ taken in June; the $$ 
were first discovered by Mr. Sauter, who sent me two specimens taken in September. — laela Fruhst. (123 d) laela. 
is another of the many discoveries of Saitter’s, who, following my proposal, started exploring Formosa and 
has for years sent his beautiful material to me. In $ the white submarginal line on the hindwing is beneath 
either absent or exceedingly fine. Ground-colour beneath rather darker than in Indian specimens, with more 
prominent red-brown median spots. The very scarce $ of which so far only 1 specimen is known, has the 
yellowish-white bands above greatly reduced; beneath it resembles in the lovely dark red-brown markings 
the £ of ishiana, differing from this and selenophora $ in the more sharply defined, narrow, white stripes. 
Found in the mountainous Interior of Formosa, on Lehiku Lake and at Polisha, from January onwards, 
especially in July. — leucophryne subsp. nov. is distinguished from laela by having on the forewing three large leucophryne. 
white subapical spots, resembling bahula Moore. Median band on hindwing sharply-defined, anally broader, 
clear white without any blue border. Beneath it differs from laela in the broader white stripes, and especially 
the very conspicuous submarginal band; type from Hainan, where it was only lately discovered. Hongkong $<3 
resemble leucophryne, but have the under surface paler, more richly banded with white. Flies in April and May. 
Walker speaks of leucophryne as one of the prettiest sights when on the wing. —- batilda Fruhst. represents balilda. 
a transition from the insular to the Indian forms. Median band above only faintly margined with blue, narrower 
than in bahula or selenophora, subapical spots on forewing more conspicuous than in laelia. Under surface dar¬ 
ker, red or coffee-brown, than the forms from farther West. $ unknown. $ collected by me in August, 
September, in Central Tonkin. — bahula Moore bears the same relation to the name type as orientalis Elw. bahula . 
to opalina Roll. Both sexes larger, ground-colour deeper black-brown. White bands narrower, dull yellowish, 
occasionally suffused or scaled with grey. $ almost devoid of basal red spotting above. $ deeper red-brown 
beneath. Assam, $<$ very common, $ scarce. Specimens from Burma, the Karen Hills and the Shan States, 
as well as a taken by me in Siam during January, are probably allied to the Tonkin form. According to 
Elwes the $$ of bahula are considerably smaller than those from India proper. — selenophora Roll. (Vol. I, selenophora. 
p. 187, pi. 59 b) is distinguished in <$ by the rich red spotting of the base and the large white apical patches, 
in $ by the broad yellowish-white markings. Under surface pale fulvous. $ nearly without any dark me¬ 
dian markings. From the western Himalayas to Sikkim, in two seasonal forms, a paler one of the dry- 
season and a darker one of the wet-season. Specimens from the South of India undoubtedly represent a form 
of their own. Moore names as its home the Kanara District and the Nilgiris, from 3000 ft. up. — amharina amharina. 
subsp. nov. (Moore nom. nud.) (124 f as amhara) differs from Assam and Sikkim in the brighter blue 
border of the white median band above and the paler grey under surface. A very small form. Malay Peninsula. 
$ according to Elwes banded with dark grey above. —■ amhara Druce, a common species from the Kina-Balu amhara. 
District (North Borneo), differing from the preceding form in having on both wings the median band much 
