/K- 
LIMENITIS. By H. Fruhstorfer 
641 
■y- 
PJ 
' PubJ. 10. 1. 1913. 
wire up to 2000 ft. — sumbawana subsp. nov. differs from neulra in having on the forewing the white spot sumbavana. 
at the apex of the cell nearly twice as large, and on the under surface of the hindwings the black median spots 
more prominent. Sumbawa, collected at Tam bora by Doherty. - sumbana subsp. nov.. an excellent form, sumbanu. 
considerably lighter than specimens from Sumbawa and Lombok, although the white area on the upper surface 
is much narrower. Under surface pale blue, forewing traversed by a white undulate discal band. Island of 
Sumba, apparently rather scarce. — florensis sub.sp. nov. lias among all hitherto known forms of procris the ftorerusio. 
largest white spots and bands, showing, moreover, before the apex of the forewing the beginnings of a second 
white spot. The forewings have the white subapical spots almost twice as large as in. rieutra, and are traversed by 
a broad submarginal band of bright fulvous. On the hindwings the black bands are almost obsolete, the fulvous 
ground-colour being interrupted only by two rows of roundish black submarginal dots. Also the basal area as 
well as the under surface of both wings are lighter than in any of the other procris forms; Flores, November 
— arnoldi Fruhst. (122 e), one of the characteristic butterflies of the island ofBawean, is, notwithstanding its arnoldi. 
close proximity to Java, one of the darkest forms. Forewings above with broad black discal area, hind¬ 
wings with equally broad, black median spots. On the forewing the spots appear isolated, the white band on the 
hindwing is barely half as wide as in neutra (122 e). 9 remarkable on account of its size and the gorgeous den¬ 
tate submarginal band on the hindwings. Bawean, not scarce, especially from July until September. Presum¬ 
ably it occurs also in Kangean without undergoing any perceptible change. 
Whether the form found in Mindanao L. thespias Setup, deserves to rank as a separate species, ist still thespias. 
undecided. It seems very scarce, only a few specimens having been received from Camiguin de Mindanao and 
Mindanao. The following description is based upon Semper’s figure and a $ of my collection. Upper surface 
of decided procris type, with a large, coherent, white median band and a very conspicuous spot at the cell of the 
forewings, which are velvety black. The hindwings have the median area distinctly bordered with black distally. 
and are ornamented by a submarginal row of black dots. Under surface as in procris, the white median band on 
the hindwing far drawn out distally between the upper and lower radials. 
L. aemonia is easily recognized by the short white band on the forewing. Two forms exist on the islands 
adjacent to the South-West of Sumatra: aemonia Weym. (123 a), rather abundant in Nias, and L. laubenheimeri aemonia. 
Hag. from the Mentawej group; forewings with almost completely black apical area and broad white markings, 
hindwings beneath with a complete white median band. — On the Batu Islands situated exactly midway bet- 
ween Nias and Mentawej we find batuna Fruhst. (123 a), which follows the normal procris type known from Java batuna. 
and Sumatra, a most surprising, although by no means uncommon, phenomenon in the Malay Archipelago. 
We may still expect quite a number of peculiar procris forms from the islands and islets situated between 
Engano, Pulo-Wej and Pulo Brass. 
L. calidasa Moore (122 e), one of the best known Ceylon butterflies, differs from procris in the absence calidusu. 
of the white spot near the cell of the forewing. Ground-colour dark olive green, not fulvous as in procris. Under 
surface hardly differing, closely resembling that of procris arnoldi from Bawean in all but the absence of the white 
cellular spot. Larva differs somewhat from that of procris undifraga ; its colour is greenish-yellow or reddish; 
feeds on Mussaenda and on Cinchona. Pupa purplish-brown, head provided with horns that are not hammer¬ 
shaped, but distally pointed. 
L. pausanias Stgr. combines the characteristics of L. calidasa and procris, lacking, like the Ceylon form, paummas. 
the discal spot, and sharing with procris the fulvous ground-colour. The design of the white markings of the upper 
surface corresponds to that of procris fa. chlaena Fruhst. Under surface rather pale yellow instead of fulvous. 
Island of Palawan, rather scarce. 
L. mata inhabits together with L. thespias the Philippines, where it has developed several well defined maia. 
insular forms: mata Moore from Luzon, above resembling L. pausanias, but with a rather large white spot at the 
cell. On the forewing the white band is broken up into three distinct, well separated portions. Flies from July 
until October; very scarce. — amida subsp. nov. from the island of Cebu, is distinguished from the Luzon and amidu. 
Mindanao forms by the richer blue-green suffusion of the upper surface and the larger white spots. Type 
in Semper’s collection. avalokita subsp. nov. is the reverse of the preceding, with upper surface darker and all avahkita. 
white spots greatly reduced, especially those before the apex and at the discal cell; under surface with a con¬ 
spicuous black median band. Mindanao, discovered in February and March by the well-known orchid hunter 
Micholitz. Type in the Fruhstorfer collection. 
Of L. urdaneta we know three distinct insular forms, which may be increased by new discoveries from 
the Central Philippines. The differences between the northern and southern forms are so great that Semper 
regarded them as separate species. However, the similarity of the under surface seems to me sufficient reason 
for uniting the hitherto separated species with urdaneta. urdaneta Fldr., only known to me through Semper’s urdaneta, 
figure; his collection contains two <$$ from Luzon and one from Mindoro. Upper surface, aside from the white 
discal spots and a narrow fulvous submarginal band, dark brown. Under surface of both wings with deep 
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