NEUROSIGMA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
647 
green than in couppei, with heavier black submarginal spots. — neohannoverana subsp. nov. resembles couppei 
in lacking on the primaries the yellowish shading of the spots which, however, are much larger; under surface 
of hindwings paler green, with less distinct black markings. New Hannover. thesaurus Math. (120 b), ori¬ 
ginally described from Treasury Island, our figure after a specimen, from Bougainville, differs from the forms 
of the Bismarck Archipelago in having the hyaline patches on the forewings reduced in size and rnor 
broadly bordered with black. Found by Ribbe also on the Shortlands Islands of the Solomon group. thesau- 
rina Srn. from Santa Cruz of the Solomon Group is unknown to me in natura. — etoga sub-sp. nov. inhabits 
Guadalcanal characterized by the partially obsolete white spots on the primaries and the unusually broad 
black bands on secondaries. Also the submarginal area beneath has the black bands and spots more prominent 
than thesaurus from the Shortlands and Bougainville. Flies in April. On the Solomon Islands we find in addi¬ 
tion a whole series of more or less well differentiated insular forms; however, the available material is too scanty, 
and I therefore limit myself to mentioning only one more form which among the large series of Parthenos found 
in the British Museum attracted my special attention: ugiensis subsp. nov., of relatively small size, colouring 
mainly pale yellow-green, forewing with very small, almost clear white transparent spots. Island of Ugi. 
The name of P. tigrina is adopted here to designate a number of unusually dark forms; possibly, however, 
it must eventually give way to the name of nod-rim Bsd., if the type of nodrica really came from Waigiu, as 
Oberthur (Lep. Oceaniens 1880 p. 47) asserts. The valves of the three forms subjected to examination differ 
but slightly among themselves, but are decidedly shorter than that of P. cyaneus Moore from Ceylon. Also 
uncus shorter, more sharply curved, more flat at the base. — tigrina Volt. (120 a) has in the white markings 
on the forewing partly shaded with yellowish, and the basal area of both wings bright brown-yellow. Under 
surface yellowish-green with distinct, black submarginal bands. Described from Salawatti; does not differ from 
specimens taken on Aetna and Kajumera Bay, Dutch south-western New Guinea, contained in my collection, 
from Mr Chas. Oberthur 1 received a collected by Doherty near Wandcsi on Geelvink Bay. — nodrica 
Bsd. refers to a dark form with very small intramedian spots on the forewings. Andai, also Dorey. — terentia- 
nus Fruhst. (120 a). has on forewing the hyaline spots completely covered with black scales. Hattam 
in the Arfak Mountains, discovered by W. Doherty. — aspila Hour. (120 a) represents the melanotic extreme, 
lacking also in $ the light spots. Common on Astrolabe Bay, German New Guinea; discovered also on Hum¬ 
boldt Bay by Doherty. Larva according to Hagen living gregariously, differing according to Ribbe from that 
of P. sylvia guineensis Fruhst. in the dorsal line being darker. They vary greatly in shade of colour, from light 
to dark, but always are covered with white bristles; they feed on some sort of vine. Pupa boat-shaped, green, 
head provided with two points. — pardalis Fruhst. differs from Vollenhoven’s figure of tigrina from Salawatti 
in that the black border of both wings is still broader and the white hyaline spots on the primaries somewhat 
smaller. Moreover, it has but two costal spots instead of three, and beyond the cell but 2 instead of 4 distinct, 
white subapical spots; on the forewing the anal angle is more broadly margined with black, and the white spot 
at the edge of the cell starting from the upper median nervules is much smaller than in tigrina. The black 
transverse stripes which originate at the base, broader. Under surface very dusky, both wings with extraordi¬ 
narily broad, deep black submarginal bands, also the marginal border very broad and margined with jet-black, 
a characteristic not mentioned in Vollenhoven’s description of tigrina. Island of Waigiu. 
neohanno- 
verana, 
thesauri!#. 
thesaurina. 
cloga. 
ugiensis. 
tigrina. 
nodrica. 
terentmn us. 
aspila. 
pardalis. 
42. Genus: NeuroKigma Btlr. 
Undoubtedly this Genus belongs to the Limenitidi and not to the Euthaliidi, as Butler meant they 
should. A proof of this is the very large and characteristically curved precostal which arises exactly at the 
origin of the subcostal, and the limenitoid sexual organs. From Limenitis and Pantoporia it is distinguished 
by having on both wings the cells closed, the middle discocellular on the forewing curved inward, the lower 
discocellular gently undulate and joining the median a short distance beyond the second median nervule. The 
third subcostal nervule arises between the apex of the cell and the fourth, its course being, as far as the fourth 
nervule, very close to the main stem. On the hindwing the upper and middle discocellulars are of equal length, 
the lower discocellular feebly angled, somewhat longer than the middle one, and joining the median shortly 
beyond the second nervule. Costal margin almost straight. have the fore feet delicate, thinly covered 
with silky hair, femur and tibia of equal length, and tarsus but slightly shorter. The only species we know, 
N. siva Westw. from North India, is of more than medium size, and the curious design of black and white 
spots upon a bright orange ground distinguish it at once from every other genus. As so many forms of the 
Himalayas, it stands quite isolated. Tegumen with limenitoid uncus and distinct scaphium. Valve quite dif¬ 
ferent from those of Parthenos, resembling that of Limenitis proper, but with two basal teeth. Its shape is very 
slender, terminating in a distinct, chitinous point. Imago not found beyond altitudes of 4800 ft.; two broods 
are known. Its occurrence is quite local. 
