654 
TANAECIA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
salina. on the hindwings are: salina form, nov., resembling Euthalia salia bipunctata (133b) and T. pelea fa. norina. 
The $ has on the hindwing mostly a narrow band placed in the very middle of the wing; occasionally also a 
nlbifasciata. broadly white proximal area: = albifasciata Btlr. (133d); —the very reverse is evanescens Btlr., dark brown 
evanescens. on b 0 t,h sides with nearly confluent white markings, making it doubtful whether it is not rather a dark form of 
hungurana. T. pelea crowleyi Btlr. — In the Natuna Islands we find bungurana subsp. nov. $ with sharply pointed forewings, 
the median spots clouded with grey, of fairly large size; also the submarginal dentate spots prominent. Under 
surface with heavy black markings. One <$ seems to be a transition to munda, having the upper surface of the 
manavira. hindwings broadly suffused with pale blue. Bunguran (Natuna), type in the Tring Museum. — manavira subsp. 
nov., a small form with relatively narrow, delicate pale white bands, laved with flesh-colour. Discovered by W. 
nyngrodna . Doherty in Pulo Laut situated to the South-East of Borneo; type in the Tring Museum. — nyagrodna subsp. 
nov., a highly variable local form, approaches fruhstorferi from the lowlands of Borneo in the obscured helmet¬ 
shaped spots on the forewings, but with very broad band on the hindwing (recalling munda) which has the 
terminal border edged with pale violet. Under surface paler ochreous than in Borneo specimens. —- One $ has 
the wings suffused throughout with purplish-brown, the forewings adorned by a broad white band formed by 
the intramedian spots uniting with the submarginal stripe. Hindwing with only two rows of small white spots: 
carma. = carma form. nov. from the Malay Peninsula in Fruhstorfer’s collection; a number of specimens in the 
Sumatra n a. Adams collection of the British Museum. — sumatrana subsp. 'nov. (133c as martigena tf) I at first considered 
to be allied with martigena Weym. on account of its brillant colouring, but the plain shape of the uncus which 
in the latter species resembles the head of a snake, proves its relationship with munda. The $ was by But¬ 
ler united with T. superba Btlr. which he treated as a separate species, although its is identical with 
T. pelea fa. phintia Weym. Forewing with broader markings dusted with brown-grey, hindwing with uniformly 
broad white median band; the black arrows shorter. Under surface in either sex brillant ochre-yellow, the 
niricvara. brown bands more indistinct. North-Eastern Sumatra, niricvara subsp. nov. <$ above grey-brown with a se¬ 
ries of delicate submarginal zigzag lines and greatly obscured, though still visible, median spots. Hindwings 
with black arrow-shaped markings edged with blue only on the inner side, resembling T. pelea fa. pliintia Weym. 
Another $ without any blue, with just two rows of white submarginal markings on the under surface of the 
hindwings and two rows of black sagittate spots. Batu Islands. Type in the Tring Museum. 
T. clathrata is structurally not to be separated from T. munda, of which perhaps it is only an extreme 
blue form. The $$ are not yet known with certainty, which fact also points towards munda the $$ of which 
are very much rarer than the <$$. If it. should be proved to belong to munda, its name would have prior rights. 
All the forms have in common the brown ground-colour especially of the under surface of the forewings which 
in alpine specimens shades on the hindwing into blackish, in (JJ from the low-lands to greyish white. Three 
clathrata. local forms: clathrata Voll. (133 d) from the South of Borneo, above marked with white pearl-shaped spots. 
coeralescens. — coerulescens Sm. (= ellida Stgr.) from North Borneo, with two or three white dots near the costa of the hind¬ 
wing. One c? of niy collection lacks on both wings the blue distal border. Hindwings only ivit.h delicate intra- 
purpurea. nerval dots thinly edged with white distally. The entire surface suffused with dark purplish-blue (= purpurea 
nicevillei. form. nov.). — In the Malay Peninsula and in the mountains of Sumatra we find nicevillei Dist. (= subclath- 
rata Stgr.), both wings above with broader pale blue border; the black dots on the hindwings more delicate than 
in clathrata ; under surface also distally darker than in the low-land form of Borneo. Very scarce; according 
to Martin not found below elevations of 3000 ft. Only 2 were captured within 13 years. 2 from Perak 
in Fruhstorfer’s, 2 others from West Sumatra in the Adams collection of the British Museum. 
c) Uncus snake-shaped at the en< 
T. aruna has produced a great number of forms, the main types of which have a peculiarly discontinuous 
range of distribution; aruna proper has not yet been observed in Sumatra, whereas on the satellite islands 
(Banka, Batu) we notice a similarity to the Malay types. The forms with blue uppersides, of which we figure 
martigena and satapana, are among the most beautiful Tanaecia. In Borneo the uniform brown types prevail, 
and the blue form (apsarasa) is not so brillantly coloured as in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula. In all forms 
we notice 3 submarginal rows of spots on the under surface of the hindwings the middle one of which, although 
the least, developed, shows through above. The peculiar shape of the uncus which might almost justify the 
creation of a new Genus (if we followed the plan adopted in regard to the Cyaniris Group of the Lycaenidae) 
remains in all the forms extremely constant. It is more elongate than in the other species, being nearly as long 
aruna. as tile valve; the latter trough-shaped basally gradually, tapering to a fine slightly, down-curved point, aruna 
