EUTHALIA. By H. Frehstorfer. 
659 
ford in his description of the of the Borneo form did-not mention it. — asoka Fldr. inhabits the Malay asolca. 
Peninsula. The $ which has been correctly figured by Distant, resembles our figure of E. javana (132 d) 
and E. phlegeton (133 a), being distinguished from the much commoner cocytina macnairi Dist. (132 e) not only 
by the secundary sexual marks, but also by the more produced apical portion of the forewings. Of the $ we 
know two forms: jordani Fruhst. (132 e) lacks the pale grey-blue colouring of the submarginal area of the fore- jordani. 
wing; asoka Fldr. has both sides of the brown band of the forewings broadly suffused with a beautiful delicate 
blue, being distinguished from jordani also by a broader, more conspicuously grey-white median band. 
Beneath it resembles the $ fa. puseda Moore. (133 c), only the spots composing the macular band of the fore- 
wing are more irregular. The hindwings of jordani have three, those of asoka five clear white spots. mara mara. 
subsp. nov. takes the place of asoka, in North-Eastern Sumatra, possibly also in Banka and Billiton. Dr. Mar¬ 
tin who rediscovered it, separated it justly, though opposed by De Niceville, from E. cocytina, which in the 
colour of the $ it closely resembles, the marginal border of the hindwings being violet-blue; ^ approaches 
vacillaria $ (132 e), but is of superior size, the forewings with larger spots, hindwings with a clear white median 
band and a few white intranerval patches beyond the brown postdiscal undulate band. On the under surface 
the white spots are smaller than in asoka ; hindwings with the median and submarginal areas of a faded whitish 
colour, but without the conspicuous median band characteristic of asoka and jordani. According to Martin 
it is the rarest Euthalia in the Sultanate of Deli, occurring at somewhat higher altitudes than E. cocytina. 
godarti Gray from western Sumatra, is in $ larger than mara , of a more vivid violet-blue, beneath rather darker godarti. 
with the outer margin more profusely suffused with grey-violet; it greatly resembles floralis $ (133a), and 
even more martigena $ (133 c), being of a more brillant hue than mara $. On the forewings the greyish-white hyaline 
spots are larger; the median band of the hindwings clear white, reaching the anal angle. $ beneath of 
a deeper colour, with larger white hyaline spots. Padang-Pandjang. -— samasara subsp. nov. (132e as va- samasara. 
cillaria) is of all known forms the smallest and darkest. The $ lacks on the hindwing the white median patch, 
and has the blue area considerably darker than in the other forms. On the forewings the grey-white hyaline 
spots are very small. On the under surface the white spots are surrounded by a rich brown, the undulate 
brown stripes of the hindwings being particularly heavy. Island of Nias, only 1 $ in the Frithstorfer 
collection. — vacillaria Btlr. resembles in mara Fruhst. from Sumatra, in $ the figured Nias form (132 e), vacillaria. 
only of larger size, having the dull white spots, especially in specimens from South Borneo, more developed, 
the blue suffusion of the median area of the hindwings deeper than in godarti and mara , but in contradistinction 
to samasara , spotted with white anteriorly. Shelford described the $ from specimens of the Sarawak Museum; 
my collection contains specimens from the North and South-East of Borneo. The $ is very variable, hardly 
two specimens looking alike. The type which is in the British Museum, is pale brown, finely dotted with white 
in the median area of the hindwings. On the forewings the hyaline spots are white without any dusting of grey. 
— arama form. nov. refers to $$ with larger, brown-dusted hyaline spots on the forewings, and a com- arama. 
plete light-coloured band on the hindwing which anteriorly is white, otherwise pale lilac. In very rare cases 
this band may be altogether dark blue, as in a $ of the British Museum. North and South Borneo. — dhaynia dhayma. 
subsp. nov. is nearer to asoka. Fldr. from the Malay Peninsula than to vacillaria from Borneo. The pale area 
of the hindwings is broader than in all the other forms of godarti, but more faded, as is the case with all the 
Euthaliidi from that island. The hyaline spots on the forewing are shaded with grey. Sulu archipelago, type 
in the British Museum. — phlegeton Sem/p. (133 a) is characterized by a very large black scent-patch on phlegeton. 
the upper surface of the hindwings; otherwise the $ resembles as to shape of wings the other forms of god¬ 
arti ; but the $ approaches above rather cocytus and telchinia in the relatively small, dark brown hya¬ 
line spots. $9 from Mindanao have the under surface obscured with fuscous as in telchinia. $ likewise dark smoky- 
grey. Occurs, according to .Semper, from January until October in Samar, Camiguin de Mindanao and all 
over Mindanao. — nirodha subsp. nov. upper surface not violet, but pale blue, occasionally laved with nirodha. 
greenish; hindwings with broader outer margin; under surface, as seen in figure, chiefly yellowish in $, faintly 
striped with brown. February, Bazilan. —• javana Fruhst. (132d) inhabits Java, where it is exceedingly javana. 
scarce. My collection only contains specimens from the Zuidergebergde in the East, but I observed at one 
time a £ also in the western part of the island at about 16—1900 ft. altitude, on a journey from the south- 
coast to the table-land of Pengalengan. The $ which has the forewings ornamented with blue, resembles 
somewhat the $ of asoka Fldr., differing, however, in the absence of the white median spots of the hind¬ 
wings, in the place of which there appears a pale grey-brown patch. In the $ the under surface of the hind¬ 
wings is very much like that of nirodha from West Sumatra, but the white spots of the forewings are confluent 
as in asoka. Uncus very delicate, long, sharp pointed, slightly thicker in the middle, contrasting with E. 
cocytina and E. japis. Valve likewise more slender. 
E. flora is the oldest name of a hitherto not clearly understood species occurring from Tenasserim to 
Sumatra, also in the Mergui archipelago and the island of salanga. Above it resembles the of godarti, 
