EUTHALIA, By H. Fruhstorfer. 
671 
are the Philippines, whence we know a number of not very sharply separated insular forms, 3 of which we 
mention here: lusiada Fldr., the northern form, differing beneath from our figure (129 d) in the broad, blue- lusiada. 
green irroration of the outer half and along the base of the hindwings. $ somewhat resembling mindorana 
5 (129 d), but the hindwing less brillantly suffused with greenish beneath. Apparently very local and scarce, 
since Semper received from Luzon only 4 d'c? and one rather mutilated 9; flies from May till November, 
mindorana Fruhst. (129 d) is a more luxuriant form having the outer margin of the hindwing suffused with mindurano. 
green, the under surface richer green, all the black markings heavier and broader than in lusiada. $ larger than 
c?> paler brown, forewing with three spots which are grey above, clear white underneath. Mindoro, collected 
by Dr. Platen. — nialissia subsp. nov. (129 cl as lusiada ) resembles above rather the name-type. Ground- matins ia. 
colour dull coffee-brown, with broad, almost deep black longitudinal stripes. Underside either without any 
blue-green suffusion, as in our figure, or with very faint greenish lustre at the anal angle of the hindwing. 9 
above pale brown with obsolete darker median bands on the hindwings, and three indistinct white transcellular 
spots on the forewings shaded with greyish-brown. Under surface more monotonous and paler than in mindorana 
9, only the base of the hindwing being feebly shaded with blue-grey. Island of Bazilan, March, discovered by 
W. Doherty. Semper mentions it also from Mindanao. 
E. inerta has a greater range of distribution than was assumed until lately, and the synonymy of (he 
forms seems still rather chaotic, chiefly on account of the errors of previous authors, who considered merta 
Moore and apicalis Voll. to be different species. •— merta Moore was erroneously described in 1859 as co- merta. 
ming from “China”; only in 1886 Distant found out that its true home was the Malay Peninsula, but although 
he correctly recognized the 9i be attributed to it the of a different species (E. tinna Fruhst.), whereas 
its real he named E. parta Moore, a form belonging to E. alpheda Godt. merta is found from the Malay Peninsula 
to Tenasserim, in two seasonal forms, one with deep brown-yellow under surface, striped with blackish-brown 
(rainy-season), and the dry season form pseuderipliyle form. nov. with pale brown, thinly black-dotted upper pseuderi- 
surface and light yellow underside showing only traces of a darker longitudinal striation. Such specimens Vhylc. 
De Niceville mistook for his eriphyle. The 9 °f the Tenasserim form is still unknown, merta 9 resembles 
rather apicalis 9 (137d), but has the upperside more richly suffused with violet, with more delicate brown sub¬ 
marginal spots. From Tenasserim to the Malay Peninsula and Singapore. — prisca subsp. nov. is allied to E. j/riscu. 
merta of Perak, but the <$<$ are smaller, above with heavier black markings. Some <$<$ specimens of the Tring 
Museum are darker, with reduced white markings, suffused with an intense flesh-colour. Several 99 of the Mu¬ 
nich Museum, collected in May, represent an extreme albino form, presumably of the dry-season; both wings 
have the entire outer half whitish, also beneath, and all the white spots and bands broader, in contrast with 99 
from Sumatra. Banka. — pseudomerfa Fruhst. (= eriphyle Martin and Niceville) of which I only know pseudo- 
the 9 (type in Dr. L. Martin’s collection in Diessen, cotype in the Munich Museum. On the forewing the me- vierta. 
dian spots are clearer white, larger, more sharply pointed distally, on the hindwing the submarginal spots 
smaller than in merta from Perak and Singapore. Very scarce, Dr. Hagen obtaining once near Labuan, Sultanate 
of Deli, from January till April about 10 99 from the natives. —- phantasma subsp. nov. (137 c as pseudomerfa) phantasma. 
deviates farthest from the name-type. Upper surface richly suffused with purple, the very large oblonge 
white spots faintly clouded with grey, edged with greenish-white distally; a rudimentary greenish band at 
the inner angle of the forewing; on the hindwing the very sharply defined white undulate band with a 
delicate suffusion of bronce-green; between the medians two small white transcellular wedges not found in 
any of the other ■merta forms. Under surface darker than in my darkest Borneo 99> golden-yellow with green 
basal area of the hindwing; all white markings more pronounced, especially the median band of the hindwing. 
The 9 type (locality unknown) in the Fruhstorfer collection; presumably from Nias, judging from the 
increased white markings of the fore wing and the grey-green irroration. Another 9 (without any indication of 
the locality either) I saw in the Tring Museum. — apicalis Voll. (137 d), of which hitherto only the $ was apicalis. 
known with certainty, was captured by Dr. L. Martin near Sintang on the Kapuas River in South-West 
Borneo; he also observed $ and 9 hi copula, removing thereby all doubts existing as to the relationship of the 
9 form which, although known long ago, had never been described or figured. 9 : Ground colour above grey- 
brown, with whitish median band dusted with grey on the forewing, which band is even more conspicuous 
beneath. On the forewings the wedge-shaped spots are larger than in merta Moore from Perak, the under surface 
of the hindwings more broadly suffused with green. 99 from the South-East of the island have both sides 
darker than the 4 99 from Sintang before me, deeper golden-brown, but of lesser intensity than E. merta 
phantasma from Nias. $£ from northern Borneo are larger than those from the South, beneath likewise more 
