680 
EUTHALIA. By H. Feuhstoreek. 
Grou p III: S y m p h a e d r a Hbn. 
Structurally not to be separated from Euthalia with which it was re-united by Bingham. Cell open in both wings. 
The third subcostal nervule arising, as in E. anosia, a short distance beyond the cell, this distance being the same in both 
sexes. The only reason for keeping up this group is the peculiar bright colouring of the upper surface reminding one of African 
species, their small size, the correspondingly short antennae and the red-lined palpi. The earlier stages resemble hi every 
way those of Euthalia. 
E. nais Forst. (= thyelia F., alcandra Hbn.). Both sexes have the upper surface reddish-ochreous; 
the distal margin, a submarginal semi-band, and two large spots, one at the apex of the cell and the other 
in the median area, black. Hind wing with 7 black intranc-rval submarginal dots. The $2 are larger than the 
d'd', rather paler fulvous, with broader black outer margin and heavier dots and hands. On the under sur¬ 
face of the forewings the subapical spots, though as a rule white, occasionally assume an yellowish tone, varying 
at the same time in size; likewise does the white or yellowish median band of the hindwing which, being broken 
in a A from Karwar, is in one $ only indicated by a costal dot, and in another $ from Ceylon is altogether 
absent. Cilia alternating black and white, broadly tipped with white. Antennae black, tipped with yellow. 
Palpi grey, red at the sides. Tarsi of forefeet red. Eyes brown. Length of forewing: $ 1,15" $ 1,25". Larva 
according to Moore pale green, with a dorsal row of purple spots, the sides provided with a row of 10 very 
long horizontal fleshy spines which are covered with fine green harmless hairs. Pupa short and broad, dorsally 
keeled, broadly triangular in the middle, head bifurcate; green with dark and golden spots and lines. According 
to Moore nais is common on the plaineS of India, with the exception of the north-western provinces, but 
rather rare in the hill-country, also in Sikkim. Doherty found it in Kumaon at an altitude of 1000 ft., and 
Hampson observed it in the Bamboo-jungle at 2—3000 ft. Niceville reports it also from Calcutta, Lower 
Bengal, Orissa, the entire South of India with Ceylon, and on the west coast as far as Bombay; but in the Pun¬ 
jab it is scarce; it prefers there the open arid country. Mysore (October and January), Koonoor, Kanara, Mhow 
in Central India (October till July), Poona (April; thus it appears that it can be found throughout the year. 
According to Davidson Bell and Aitken the larva feeds on the Ebony tree (Diosopyros melanoxylon); the 
imago has about the same habits as Junonia and Pyrameis; their flight is low, rapid and jerking; it frequently 
alights with wings expanded, and is attracted by sugarcane and lefuse of all kinds. 
Grou p IV: Do p li 1 a Moore. 
Although Snellen, Moore and Bingham treated this group as a separate genus, it seems impossible 
to follow them, considering that only a few species show the characteristic closure of both cells, whereas others 
either lack the cliscocellular of the hindwing or have on the forewing only a rudimentary cross vein. In size 
exceeding all other Euthaliidi, they are a transition to Adolias which they also resemble morphologically in the 
robust uncus which is occasionally provided with a helmet-shaped crest (E. recta), whereas the valve is still 
euthaloid throughout. Scapliium well developed, basally formed like the foot of an elephant. 
E. teuta was by Bingham wrongly united with E. recta from which it is anatomically sharply separated. 
Uncus very plain, robust at the base, but drawn out to a very fine straight point distally, whereas E. recta has the 
uncus shorter, sharply curved and provided with a large helmet-or comb-shaped appendage. Outwardly teuta 
differs from recta in lacking the red anal spot on the hindwing and having on the forewing the spots compo¬ 
sing the band deeply notched distally, and irregular. Of the $ we know two seasonal forms; specimens of the 
teuta. dry-season have the macular band even more broken and smaller than those of the rainy-season. teuta Dbd. 
(131 b) shows a peculiarly discontinuous distribution, occurring on the main land only in Assam, Burma, Siam 
and Malay Peninsula ( ?), appearing again in the Andamans which it can only have reached from Burma, 
whereas in the Peninsula of India proper it is not represented. But we may expect it also from Tonkin and 
teutoides. Annam. Quite common in Assam; also in the Arakan Hills. — teutoides Moore, distinguished in $ hv three 
smaller yellowish apical spots, in $ by the much broader stripes. $ paler beneath than $$ from Assam, above 
ha. paler brown. Forewing beneath with paler red spots than in teuta. Andamans, not abundant, ira Moore, an 
exceedingly scarce form of decided dry-season character; only 2 are known; Moore’s type in the British 
Museum has on the forewing the yellowish band greatly reduced; on the hindwing the black sub marginal spots 
contrast more sharply with the paler brown ground than in teuta. July and August, at Moulmein, and in the valley 
