• 5 - VIII . 1913 . APATURA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 697 
Matsumaura’s, from Hondo southward as far as the Liu-kiu Islands. — formosanus Fruhst. (]14b) is a formosanus. 
lovely form of Formosa, not very common and only known from higher elevations. Closely related to the 
Japanese nesiotes, it represents a very dark insular form, with less significant and finer white markings than 
nesiotes, very similar to nesimachus Bsd. of India. Thus formosanus seems to be intermediate between the 
form from Continental India and Japan. — peisistratus subsp. nov. approaches, in contradistinction to the peisistraius. 
preceding form, pelurius from Celebes (114 b), being of larger size and of pale olive-green groundcolour 
with faint golden lustre; but the outline of the wings is more rounded and the grey-white submarginal striae 
are decidedly broader. According to Semper, specimens taken in July and October resemble the Indian form, 
whereas March-specimens have the submarginal markings narrower, but more prominent. From the Philip¬ 
pines; the Type from Mindanao in Sempers collection; found also in Panaon, but very scarce. — pelurius pelurius. 
Fruhst. (114 b), the largest form, is easily recognized by the very distinct grey-white bands of the forewings 
and the large black submarginal dots on the hindwings. The $ is even paler grey-green than the <J, with very 
prominent, delicately white terminal dentate bands. Known only from Northern Celebes from the littoral up 
to about 3800 ft. of altitude; taken by me at Toli-Toli in December. — harpalycus subsp. nov. from the is- harpalycus. 
land of Bangkai differs from pelurius in the $ having the under surface of the hindwings less marked with white 
and violet, but with larger black round spots. -—- peisandrus subsp. nov. was discovered by Dr. Platen in Sula- peiscmdrus. 
Mangoli; it differs from pelurius in the darker, more profuse submarginal spotting. The white strigae of the 
forewings narrower, more richly suffused with violet and more sharply delineated. The type, like that of 
harpalycus, in the Stattdinger Collection of the Berlin Museum. — m a mi us Fruhst., a dwarf race of the mannus. 
island of Java, is distinguished from Sikkim-specimens by having on the forewing the preapical streaks broader 
and, especially underneath, more prominent and clearer white. West- and East-Java, at elevations of from 
2800—-3800 ft. Very scarce. — machates Fruhst. inhabits north-eastern and western Sumatra as well as the machaies. 
Batu Islands; the are larger than those from Sikkim and Java, differing from the former in having on the 
fore wings above the subapical strigae broader, but obsolete, and blackish-grey instead of whitish; the black 
spotting is more profuse than in Sikkim in the $ the submarginal spots of the hindwings are pale 
grey-green, not dark blue as in typical nesimachus, and the white markings of the under surface of the forewings 
are more profuse. — derdas Fruhst. has in the <$ the black spots on the upperside even larger than in derdas. 
machates and on the fore wings the subapical streaks darker; underneath the subapical strigae of the forewings 
are in the $ shorter, the black spots correspondingly larger; the cliscal row of blue dots on the hindwings un¬ 
derneath more prominent than in Sumatra-specimens. South- and North-Borneo. — niasicus Fruhst. $. Dif- niasicus. 
fers from derdas Fruhst. of South-Borneo and machates Fruhst. of Sumatra as well as from the remaining forms of 
nesimachus in the complete absence of the grey-white subapical band on the forewings above and the reduc¬ 
tion of all the white markings of the upper surface. The black submarginal dots on the hindwings are smaller, the 
green-violet longitudinal dashes in the median area of the hindwings larger. Nias. •—- deiokes subsp. nov. is deiokcs 
smaller than the Assam form, resembling mannus of Java; the white markings of the upper surface more pro¬ 
fuse, although more faded, those of the under surface of the forewings clearer than in nesimachus of northern 
India. Perak, Malay Peninsula. Type in Statjdinger’s collection. 
D. rsinus has on the forewing in the place of the anteterminal pointed arches two rows of white striae, 
and on either side of the hindwings snow-white patches edged with black distally and varying in size accor¬ 
ding to the locality, ninus Fldr. (114 b) from the Southern Moluccas, and distinctus Roeb. (114 b ^ instead of ninus. 
(J) from Kaiser-Wilhelmsland may be recognized by the more oblonge white spots, the more rounded wings dlsi ' ulc 
and smaller size. The p' differs from the figured $ only in having the forewings more elongate and the marginal 
area of the hindwings proximally edged with darker blue-green. According to Dr. B. Hagen a'raput flier, 
although it does not fly very far. June until November. 
47. Genus: Ajfratgiini F. 
Chiefly a Palaearctic Genus, represented by a few endemic species in the Himalayas. Although in¬ 
habiting the lower hills, many forms are also found at higher altitudes. We may distinguish two special groups, 
Apatura and Rohana, the former being distinguished by having the uncus as long as the valve, whereas in the 
latter it is shorter. Valve broad, mussel-shaped, resembling Anodonta. Penis long, sword-like. 
1. Group: Rohana Moore. 
Comprising a few plain-looking species chiefly limited to the Palaearctic Region, differing in struc¬ 
ture but slightly from Apatura in having the middle discocellular more rounded; the sexes^differ greatly in 
colouring. 
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