734 
CHAR AXES. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
the hindwings consisting of strong submarginal spots. The under surface is mostly reddish-brown with a preg¬ 
nant, brown submarginal band of the hindwings, which is bordered by bluish-black and more prominent than 
pseudofer- in acolus from Sumatra. — pseudofervens form. nov. is a very large $ form of light yellowish-brown total colou- 
vens. r i n g and of a black apical margin of the forewings resembling Ch. fervens Btlr. The hindwings like in fervens, 
only sometimes quite finely dotted in black. Under surface more variegated, the black bands distally mostly 
bordered by yellowish. $ of the larger form on both sides of a paler yellow with a large yellowish-brown pre- 
apical spot of the forewing and quite isolated white intranerval dots of the hindwing. North and South East 
bajula. Borneo. In some places very common. — bajula Stgr., an insular race of a pygmean shape. Forewing with 
a strangulated median part so that the apex is projecting. Distal margin of the forewing uncommonly narrow; 
hindwing, however, with relatively broad black bands and distinctly prominent white dots between the radials. 
$ according to Rothschild and Jordan of a paler yellowish-brown than in the Borneo race, the under sur¬ 
face likewise lighter, tails short, not spatulate as in baya Moore. Island of Palawan, very rare 2 in the Coll. 
Frithstorder; January. 
C. psaphon forms the southern branch of the polyxena- race, and it is most probable that this can 
also be united with polyxena, in case there are transitions found from Ch. polyxena-hemana to psaphon or the 
early stages are identical with those of polyxena. According to the sketches existing, the horns on the head 
of psaphon are somewhat shorter, the ground-colour of the larva darker green, and on the back there is a crescent¬ 
shaped, instead of spherical pink spot; besides, the 5 lateral yellow spots of polyxena are absent in psaphon. 
Food-plant Aglaia roxburghiana Miq. and Saccopetalum tomentosum Hooker. The pupa is stout, with a strongly 
curved back, head obtuse. Colour light green with red stigmatic dots. Imago known to be a strong flier usually 
appearing towards ten in the forenoon. It is fond of resting high up on trees, on the shining leaves of projec¬ 
ting branches. After having been chased away by stones, it most obstinately returns to its place after a 
short flight round. In case another butterfly approaches it, C. psaphon chases it away most contentiously. The 
$ is sometimes found on the sap emanating from damaged acacias, or it may be baited with rice-brandy. Imago 
darker chestnut-brown than polyxena with a broader marginal band of both wings. There exists only one $ 
form with a considerable snowy white median area of the forewings extending on the hindwings as far as to 
imna. the anterior radial. Two geographical races; imna Btlr. (136 d) with a somewhat narrower black band of the 
upper surface than Ceylon-specimens. The white area of the forewings of the $ occasionally darkened yel¬ 
lowish. Larva macrobiotic. A larva, some days old on Oct. 6th, yielded the pupa only at the end of Novem¬ 
ber. The imago crept out on December 6th. South India, to the north as far as Kanara and on the eastern 
psaphon. coast to Calcutta. Scarce. — psaphon Westw. ($ = serendiba Moore ) inhabits Ceylon where it is not very rare 
near Kandy. I observed $ and $ near Dambulla, and Moore knows beside Trincomali a number of other 
places in the north of the island, where the butterfly flies all the year round. Under surface of the mono¬ 
tonous, without the whitish or yellow discal band of the hindwings of the South-Indian imna. The forewings 
also with fainter black lines. 
fervens. C. fervens Btlr. (136 d), an interesting species. £ resembling polyxena, $ psaphon. however, 
surpassing both the vicarious types in the shape, characterized by a conspicuously narrow black marginal 
area of the forewings. $ above the most nearly allied to the $ of khasianus (136 a), though with a still more 
extensive white area, especially of the hindwings, where the median band terminates at the second (middle) 
median. The black submarginal spots like in the $ of psaphon. Under surface of the q red-brown with cinnamon- 
brown and yellow bands, that of the $ predominantly yellowish with a cocoa-brown subbasal band. Distal 
margin of both wings likewise brown with a purple lustre. Not very rare in Nias. We may expect yet allies 
from the Mentawej and the Island of Simalur, possibly representing further transitions to psaphon and imna 
as relicts of the two countries Engano-Ceylon. 
C. amycus inhabits exclusively the Philippines where it represents Ch. polyxena. The $ greatly resem¬ 
bles the $ of Ch. polyxena baya Moore from Java, the <$, however, shows an entirely different marking. The 
J above peculiarly light chestnut-brown with a dark brown narrow submarginal band of the forewings which 
are traversed by a black undulate median band. ^ either with a light straw- or sulphur-yellow zone of the 
forewings, being always more extensive than in the $ of baya and accompanied by a series of bone-yellow 
submarginal crescents. Hindwings with distinctly white-pupilled submarginal larcrymiform spots. Their distal 
amyous, margin either red-brown or light yellowish-brown, according to the insular habitat. —- amycus Fldr. descri¬ 
bed from Luzon, exhibits the broadest black distal margin of the forewings. The median band especially 
georgius. distinct. The $ not yet known. — georgius Stgr. has $$ the under surface of which resembles that of Ch. 
polyxena enganicus Fruhst. from Engano and of mitschkei Lathy from Nias, by the bright cinnamon-brown 
sub marginal zone being set with blue intranerval dots and small white streaks. $ above dull buff with pale 
yellow median band. The under surface is greenish-yellow with a cream-coloured band. Mindoro, occurring up 
myron. to altitudes of 5000 feet, flying from November to January. — myron snbsp. nov. occurs in the Island of 
Polillo. B darker than the of georgius, with more pronounced black median lines of the forewings. $ very 
nearly allied to the $ of georgius , but more uniformly greenish-grey. A similar race inhabits the Island of 
carolus. Guimaras, according to Semper. — carolus B. and J. is considerably different. The $ retains the scheme of 
markings of the northern races, but beneath the colouring changes into a fiery red-brown being covered with a 
dark purple lustre. The $ loses the yellowish median zone and exhibits a light monotonous yellowish-brown of 
