740 
PAREBA. By H. Fruhstoreer. 
dots. $ with whitish bands in the median part of both wings. The butterfly is very local and rare in the collec¬ 
tions. I observed quite a number of nitebis near Toli-Toli, the unparalleled trysting place where the primeval 
forest approaches the sea-coast. GS and $$ sat there on the rocks projecting into the ocean, around which 
they were fluttering in order to settle down for a rest on the sands beneath. I was able to collect day by day 
luscius. a number of specimens, and were in November nearly more frequently found than $<§. ■— luscius subsp. nov. 
from Southern Celebes where nitebis occurs near Maros, are beneath paler than those from the north. $ with 
intensive yellow spots of the forewings and more pregnant white dots on the upper surface of the hindwings. 
On the under surface the white median band of the hindwings is more distinctly prominent, the yellowish distal 
border appears brighter. Flying time from August to December. Found by Doherty near Maros in about 18 
sulaensis. specimens and by myself a greater number in November 1895. — sulaensis R. and J., a darkened insular race 
with more extensive black spots of the under surface. $ with more prominent and lighter cream-coloured discal 
spots of the forewings. Sula-Mangoli, October—November; Sula-Besi in October. 
C. mars represents one of the species deviating the most conspicuously from the general habitus of 
the Gharaxes. It occurs as a great rarity in North and South Celebes and was discovered also in Buru in a 
greatly modified insular race. It is not quite unlikely that mars occurs also in the Sula Islands and maybe 
mars. Obi. mars Stgr. has hitherto reached Europe only in two specimens one of which, the type, is in Staudikger’s 
Collection in Berlin; the other specimen, from the Hourath Collection, embellishes now the Adams Collection 
in the British Museum. Forewing black with a magnificent dark steel-blue reflection. Hindwing dull-brown 
with a very broad black costal margin and a narrow distal margin behind the rather long tail. Under surface 
dohertyi. dark, greenish black with lighter transverse lines. Minahassa. —- dohertyi Rothsch. Upper surface with a still 
more extensive bliie reflection than mars , the tails longer than in the northern form. Captured by Doherty 
near Maros in August and September. The $, a single specimen, is in the Coll. Oberthtjer and, according 
to a figure in the Bull. Soc. Ent. France 1897, p. 194, it has two whitish bands of the forewings and a similar 
brightening of the hindwings in the middle of the costal area. Under surface paler than in the $ with 
white discal spots, tails broader than in the The $ was also discovered by Doherty and found in July 1896 
madensis. near Patunuang Asuwe and Tjamba. — madensis Rothsch. from Mount Mada in Buru, at an altitude of about 
900 m, was taken by a collector by the name of Dumas in August 1898. 2 above blackish-brown with a broa¬ 
der white discal band than in the $ of dohertyi. Hindwing with a more sharply defined white band. Under 
surface with a more extensive white scaling, but more prominent submarginal black spots. not yet discovered. 
eurialus. C. eurialus Cr., one of the Amboina-butterflies the most sought after and, at the same time, the 
giant among the eastern Gharaxes. $ above black with a slight brown tinge. Hindwing with a blue postcliscal 
band bordered by a white distal margin and black white-pupilled ocelli between the veins. $ considerably 
larger, the white area of the hindwings often overpowdered in yellowish. Fore wing either with a broad ochreous 
nisus. longitudinal band running through as far as to the anal angle (f. nisus Cr.), or with an interrupted or shortened 
abrupta. band (f. abrupta Fruhst.). On the under surface all the bands, being above white or ochreous, are uniformly 
dark yellow, the distal margin of the forewings and a submarginal band of the hindwings red-brown, the other 
parts brown with a peculiar purple or steel gloss. Amboina, apparently numerous in February. Also in Saparna 
and Ceram, but very rare there. 
Tribus: Acraeidi. 
The morphology and biology of this group has been dealt with in Vol. I, p. 243—244, Yol. XIII, p. 239 and Vol. Y, 
p. 359, in such a detailed way that only the sexual organs are yet to be mentioned here, being' of the plainest structure, 
according to the sole species ( P. vesta) I examined, and having a strong slender uncus resembling somewhat that of the genera 
Athyma and Euthalia. The valve is likewise limenitoidal, but extremely narrow and shorter than the uncus. Scaphium- 
formation missing, penis very short. 
Egg, according to Doherty, resembling that of the Danaidi. Larva cylindrical with 6 spines of almost 
equal length on each segment, but only from the 4th to 11th. Colouring generally variegated. Larva with 
a disagreeable smell. Imago with closed cells of both wings; eyes naked. Every butterfly, on being in the least 
pressed, secretes a pungent sap which seems to protect it against the persecutions of the birds. The few Indo- 
Malayan species start their flight rather slowly, whereas the Austro-Malayan species exhibit an immensely 
swift and persevering flight. The former are generally very common, though in some countries local. On the 
Continent and probably also in Java, the imagines are subject to the influence of the seasons. 
1. Genus: I*arel>a Dbl. 
Palpi narrow, the second segment only slightly swollen, densely scaled and haired. The first subcostal 
vein of the forewings branched off before the cell-end. Discoidal vein of the hindwing bent off from the subcos¬ 
tal vein before the latter ramifies (Doubleday). According to Niceville, the first subcostal of the hind wing 
separates distally from the cell for a short distance. This is, however, only rarely the case in the $$; as a rule, 
the two branches bifurcate far beyond the cell which is noticeable with the naked eye. The chief characteristic, 
