PAREBA. By H. Frtjhstorfer. 
741 
iu contrast with all the other genera of the Acraeidi, is the uncommonly long, narrow cell of the hindwings. 
Peculiar of the Pareba is a ventral appendage tilted over the last segment and appearing as if pasted on. It 
consists of a red-brown, dull-lustrous case out of which two dense tufts of long, yellowish bristles come forth. 
In Acraea andromache F . from Australia and the Small Sunda Islands, these bristles are absent and the base 
of the appendices is black, very glossy, and only the tips and sidewalls are red-brown. Elaves has first observed 
these appendices and is probably right in his opinion (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888, p. 334) that they appear 
only after the copulation, analogous to the ventral appendices of the Parnassies. In the African Acraeidi these 
cases are also present and very different in the single groups of species. Aurivillius does not take notice 
of them in the Rhop. Aethiopica, but future systematizers will probably find in their formation hints for a 
morphological grouping of the species. 
With regard to P. vesta cf. Yol. I, p. 244 and t. 71 d. Their range extends from West and South China, 
Formosa to the south as far as Annam. From Kulu to Birina and Tonkin. Sumatra, Java and Bali. They 
chiefly inhabit mountainous districts, though they seem not to occur beyond 7000ft. — formosana subsp. nov. formosanu. 
In the shape inferior to continental vesta, but in spite of all specimens before me having been collected in the 
rainy period, both sexes exhibit above less black spots than vesta from Tonkin, Tenasserim and Sikkim. On 
the under surface, in A and the reddish-yellow, black-bordered submarginal band of the hindwing is consi¬ 
derably narrower than in the other allies of vesta. Chip-Chip and other mountainous regions of Formosa; flying 
time chiefly in July at altitudes of about 1200 m. Apparently not very common. The race from the Philippines 
may approximate formosana. -— anomala Hug. from Mussuri is absent in my collection, but I do not doubt anomala. 
that the name can be maintained for specimens of North West Himalaya. In Kulu in wet ravines at altitudes 
of 3 to 4000 ft. Also in the Kumaon-Himalaya. •— vesta L. (Vol. I, t. 71 d) with the name-type from South vesta. 
China was observed by me in great numbers especially on rainy days at the southern slopes of the Manson 
Mountains in North Tonkin. I presume that Tonkin-specimens will be identical with specimens from South 
China, just like the Sikkim-uesfa are hardly separable from those from Tonkin. According to Elaves they are 
found in great numbers in Sikkim, in teaplantations and in the open country at altitudes of 2 to 7000 ft., from 
April to November. Fresh virgins, $$, had no anal appendage yet, so that Elwes presumes that the latter 
is formed only after the copulation. Larva on Boehmeria salicifolia and all sorts of other weeds. According 
to Niceville during winter, beginning from October, in colonies of several hundreds together. Eggs are, accor¬ 
ding to Yoijng, deposited in September and creep out after about 20 days. The larvae are at first black, cast 
their skin and hibernate in order to appear again only in April hereafter. Then they cast their skin once more 
in May and have now a red head. Third skinning in the beginning of June at the end of which month they 
hang their anal end to small trunks and twigs in order to pass over into the pupal stage. The imago appears 
after a fortnight. —- sordice subsp. nov. A with a broader black bordering than the Sikkim- and Tonkin-specimens sordice. 
the small terminal intranerval spots are more insignificant than in vesta vesta. $ with peculiar short red-brown 
arrows between the veins in the sub marginal zone of the hindwings. Under surface of both sexes without the 
white areas which are peculiar of vesta from Sikkim. Tenasserim, collected by me near Tandong at an elevation 
of about 4000 ft., in May at the end of the dry period. Local also in other places of Upper Birma, the Chin- 
Hills and the Shan States. Maybe that the specimens from Mupin, Ta-Tsien-Lu and other parts from West 
China, and those reported by Leech from Chang-Yang and Kiukiang belong also to this race. According to 
Leech, the Chinese vesta are extremely variable. The one-extreme of the variation is formed by $$ with almost 
entirely black forewings and only some indistinct yellowish spots and the hindwings with a broad black margin. 
The other is formed by A$ of a pale yellow, with a narrow black costa and only slightly blackened veins. -— 
vestalina Fruhst. is an areal form of a small habitus approximating the Macromalayan races by glassy, lacteous vestalina. 
or bluish-white patches of the forewings of the 22 surrounded by broad black margins. A pale buff. I captured 
vestalina on the grassy Plateau of Dran, covered with pines, in South Annam at an altitude of about 1100 m; 
it is very local, for I did not come across it anymore somewhat higher up on the Plateau of Lang Bian (about 
14 to 1500 m). — vestoides Nicev. deviates from vesta by a more roundish wing-contour and a broader black vesJMaes. 
distal margin of both wings. $ with fine black bands of the forewings. From an altitude of about 2500 ft. 
throughout the whole mountainous North East Sumatra, everywhere common. Flight weak, slow, low in open 
spaces, fields, on the edges of roads where the vestoides sit in dozens on the bedewed blades of grass, with their 
wings closely folded together, in the morning until about 9 o’clock. The larva live in big crowds of hundreds 
and often even thousands partly on Osbeckia linearis, partly on a shrub-like Urticacee which they strip alto¬ 
gether by their voracious appetite. — alticola Fruhst. (138 a) differs from vestoides in the A by the narrower alticola. 
black distal margin of all the wings, the appearance of light yellowish strigae between the subcostal veins of 
the costal margin and distinct yellowish admarginal dots. The forewings are more spotted in black, the reddish 
submarginal band of the hindwings shines more intensely through above. The ^ is besides more spotted in 
black and yellowish-white on the forewings, so that the maculae are often confluent. The reddish submarginal 
band of the under surface of the hindwings proximally narrower, distally broader margined in black, and its 
spots do not form a coherent mass, but they are separated by yellowish adnerval streaks. Padang Boven- 
landen, West Sumatra. — vestoides Moore occurs in Western Java. A above as a rule more intensely red-yellow vestoides. 
