102 
of the breeding places; on the other hand 
large numbers have been observed feeding 
on pigs (Rozeboom 1938a). Hill (1934) 
concluded that this mosquito definitely pre¬ 
fers animal blood. 
A. strodei was described from Brazil, but 
in the Caribbean region it has been reported 
from Panama (Curry 1932), Costa Rica 
(Kumm, Komp and Ruiz 1940), and re¬ 
cently from Veracruz, Mexico, by Vargas 
(1940b). This species breeds in a variety 
of water collections. During the rainy sea¬ 
son it may be found in rain pools, but in 
Panama its chief breeding places are clear, 
cool pools in drying creeks. Kumm, Komp 
and Ruiz (1940) state that in Costa Rica 
the larvae were taken from slowly running 
streams in the sunshine; however, the larvae 
may also be abundant in partially shaded 
waters. In Panama the larvae are most 
abundant at the end of the rains, in Janu¬ 
ary. Little is known concerning the habits 
of the adults. Occasionally the females may 
be captured in houses, but they seem to be 
attracted to animals more than to man 
(Kumm, Komp and Ruiz 1940); however, 
in a locality in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Correa 
(1938) found that 95.3 per cent of the 
anophelines he captured in houses were A. 
strodei, and two of 163 females dissected 
showed oocysts. 
A. aquasalis was considered to be a vari¬ 
ety of A. tarsimaculatus by Curry (1932), 
who distinguished it from var. aquacaelestis 
{=oswaldoi) on morphological characters 
and by its breeding habits. Rozeboom and 
Gabaldon (1941) consider A. tarsimacu¬ 
latus to be a synonym of A. albimanus, 
while aquasalis, a member of a group of 
mosquitoes lumped under the name “tarsi¬ 
maculatus,” was raised to specific rank by 
these authors. In Panama the species is 
found only along the Atlantic coast. The 
brackish water “tarsimaculatus” listed 
from Costa Rica by Kumm, Komp and Ruiz 
(1940) is also this species. Hoffmann 
(1929b) discovered a few specimens of 
“tarsimaculatus” (= strodei ?) in Vera¬ 
cruz (Panuco), but considered that they 
were accidentally introduced. The “tarsi¬ 
maculatus” that Root and Andrews (1938) 
concluded was the malaria vector in Gre¬ 
nada is really aquasalis, and perhaps so is 
the brackish water “tarsimaculatus” of 
Trinidad. Senevet (1936, 1938) reports 
“tarsimaculatus” from Martinique and 
Guadeloupe, and Edwards and Box (1940) 
include it in their list of mosquitoes from 
Antigua. The larvae breed in brackish 
water along the seacoast, in swamps, ditches, 
and similar situations. Occasionally they 
will breed in fresh water; in Costa Rica, 
Kumm, Komp and Ruiz (1940) found them 
once in a fresh-water stream about fifty 
yards from the sea, while in Trinidad, in 
times of great abundance, they develop tem¬ 
porarily several miles inland in rice fields, 
drains, and other collections of fresh water 
(de Verteuil 1933; de Verteuil and Spence 
1937). Beattie (1932) states that A. aqua¬ 
salis has no apparent preference for light or 
shade; Curry (1932) believes it prefers 
fairly well shaded places; Kumm, Komp 
and Ruiz (1940) made three collections in 
Costa Rica, all of them in water exposed 
to sunlight. Earle (1936b) noted that in 
Grenada it would breed in densely shaded 
mangrove swamps. The adults are strong 
fliers; Curry (1932) speaks of the huge 
swarms that used to fly into Colon and 
Cristobal, in Panama, from swamps located 
several miles from these cities, and in Trini¬ 
dad adults migrate inland from the coastal 
swamps at least three miles away (de 
Verteuil and Spence 1937). It is puzzling 
that this mosquito, considered to be a vector 
of malaria in some of the Lesser Antilles, 
is not attracted to man in Panama, where, 
in former years, the appearance of great 
numbers of A. aquasalis in the cities was 
not followed by a rise in the malaria rate 
(Curry 1932). This is a marked contrast 
to the observations of Earle (1936b), who 
had no difficulty in finding A. aquasalis 
adults in houses in Grenada and St. Lucia. 
The biting and trapping experiments of 
Earle and Howard (1936) showed that in 
these islands A. aquasalis was attracted to 
man much more readily than to a calf or a 
donkey. 
A. oswaldoi has been reported from Pan¬ 
ama (Curry 1932), Trinidad (de Verteuil 
