DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY OF CARIBBEAN ANOPHELINES 
103 
1933), and from several South American 
countries, but it has not been found as far 
north as Costa Rica (Kumm, Komp and 
Ruiz 1940). It breeds in fresh, well shaded 
water in pools or swamps. Being a 
“jungle” mosquito, it is not closely associ¬ 
ated with man, and although it will attack 
man when its haunts are invaded, it does 
not seem to be attracted to man’s habita¬ 
tions (Curry 1932; Rozeboom 1938a). 
A. rangeli is a species recently described 
by Gabaldon, Cova-Garcia and Lopez 
(1940). Perhaps this species should not be 
included with the Caribbean anophelines, 
but it is mentioned because we know that 
it is present in Trinidad, and because it has 
been confused with A. aquasalis. Roze¬ 
boom and Gabaldon (1941) have found 
specimens of A. rangeli among material col¬ 
lected by Root in Venezuela and Trinidad; 
the species must be quite common in these 
countries. It breeds in fresh, shaded water 
that contains an abundance of vegetation 
(Gabaldon, Cova-Garcia and Arevalo 1940). 
A. anomalophyllus is a rare mosquito. 
The type specimens were collected as larvae 
from the running water of a small, shaded 
stream near Almirante, Panama (Komp 
1936b). It was found recently in Costa 
Rica by Kumm, Komp and Ruiz (1940). 
A. albitarsis is widespread in South 
America; the northern limit of its range 
seems to be Costa Rica (Kumm, Komp and 
Ruiz 1940). It is evident that the species 
is composed of several races or subspecies 
(Galvao and Lane 1937b; Root 1926, Roze¬ 
boom 1937a), although the taxonomic rela¬ 
tionships between the races are not yet 
entirely clear. In Panama the larvae 
breed in a rather restricted area of Gatun 
Lake, in the mats of Char a, Naias, and 
Utricularia that produce such large num¬ 
bers of A. albimanus; these mats are ex¬ 
posed to full sunlight (Curry 1934). In 
Costa Rica the larvae were taken from a 
sunny pond with algae, and vertical and 
horizontal vegetation (Kumm, Komp and 
Ruiz 1940). The rice fields of Trinidad 
furnish suitable water for larval develop¬ 
ment (de Verteuil 1933), while Gabaldon 
(1939a) says that the most important breed¬ 
ing places in Venezuela are lakes full of 
Pistia and Eicchornia. Although it is a 
dangerous mosquito in parts of South 
America, in Panama it does not attack man 
and does not enter man’s habitations, even 
in the immediate vicinity of the breeding 
places (Curry 1934). 
A. argyritarsis is distributed throughout 
the Caribbean region, from tropical Mexico 
(Hoffmann 1929b) to South America 
(Clark 1926; Curry 1925; Giaquinto Mira 
1936; Hoffmann 1932; Komp 1937a; Kumm, 
Komp and Ruiz 1940; Kumm and Ruiz 
1939b; de Leon 1936b; Martini 1935; Sutter 
1939); it also inhabits much of South 
America, and some of the Caribbean 
islands: Trinidad (Beattie 1932; Howard, 
Dyar and Knab 1917b), Grenada (Earle 
1936b; Howard, Dyar and Knab 1917b; 
Root and Andrews 1938), St. Lucia (Earle 
1936b; Howard, Dyar and Knab 1917b; 
Senevet 1936), Guadeloupe (Francois- 
Julien 1930; Senevet 1938), Dominica 
(Hoffman 1930; Howard, Dyar and Knab 
1917b; Senevet 1936), Martinique (Howard, 
Dyar and Knab 1917b; Montestruc 1936; 
Senevet 1936), St. Vincent (Howard, Dyar 
and Knab 1917b; Senevet 1936), and An¬ 
tigua (Edwards and Box 1940; Howard, 
Dyar and Knab 1917b). Theobald’s records 
of the species from the Greater Antilles 
probably concern A. albimanus (Boyd and 
Aris 1929; Howard, Dyar and Knab 1917b). 
A. argyritarsis breeds in clear waters of 
small, partly shaded or sunlit streams; it is 
found along the grassy edges of running 
streams, and it also breeds in quiet pools in 
streams, and in pools in drying stream beds, 
as well as in grassy rain pools. The females 
do not seem to attack man readily, and are 
not often found in man’s habitations (Earle 
1936b; Hoffmann 1929b; Kumm, Komp and 
Ruiz 1940). 
A. darlingi was described by Root (1926) 
from specimens collected in Brazil. It is 
widespread, in South America, and for some 
time it was thought that records from Vene¬ 
zuela and Colombia represented its most 
northern distribution, but in 1940 Komp 
proved that it is also present in Guatemala 
and British Honduras. Shannon (1933) 
