framework. This information largely will be synthesized from existing monitoring 
databases and literature. A data system for population modeling parameters will be 
evaluated with NCEA potentially as a component of the Wildlife Exposure Handbook 
and the NCEA-supported Wildlife Canada Exposure Model. Current monitoring efforts 
could also be focused to include measurement of this information. 
• Development of approaches for integrating individual-level responses in order to 
extrapolate and predict population-level effects of anthropogenic stressors. This model 
development would be a primary objective of this demonstration project. 
• Identification of those responses at the individual-level that have the greatest influence on 
population-level responses (i.e., elasticity analysis). This analysis would be part of this 
demonstration project. 
Products 
FY03 PBTK/TD model for predicting individual effects of chronic mercury exposure to facilitate 
cross species extrapolation of toxicity responses. 
APM 3 A (GPRA #59) FY04 Population models that project the relative risks of multiple 
stressors (toxic chemicals, habitat alterations) to piscivorous birds (AED, MED). 
APM 5B F Y06 Approaches for addressing spatial scale issues in assessing risks of multiple 
stressors to wildlife populations in spatially-diverse landscapes (AED, MED). 
Also see Section 4 Habitat Alteration, Project 4 for associated products. 
Benefits of Products 
This demonstration project will directly address APG 3 by providing methods for developing 
WQC based on characterization of population-level risks of toxic chemicals to aquatic-dependent 
wildlife. 
Given the paucity of comparative toxicity data across taxonomic groups of wildlife, the 
development of a PBTK/TD model for mercury in birds will improve the capability for 
extrapolating chemical toxicity data across endpoints, life stages, and species of wildlife (APG 
4). 
The focus of this demonstration project, understanding stressor risks of individuals in the context 
of effects at the level of populations in spatial ly-di verse landscapes, will provide approaches for 
evaluating the relative and cumulative risks from toxic chemicals and non-chemical stressors on 
populations of aquatic-dependent wildlife (APG 5). 
Project Title B4. Risks to Fish Populations from PAHs in Natural Systems 
Project Coordination and Resources (4.0 FTEs: MED-4.0) 
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