8 TlMEHRI. 
he was able to discern down below a part of the land on 
which many kinds of four-footed animals were walking. 
With the help of his tribe he hung a long piece of bush- 
rope down toward the earth, and then climbed down this. 
After much successful hunting he climbed home again, 
taking with him some venison. Now this was a new 
kind of food to those above, and seemed to them most 
excellent and desirable. The whole party, therefore, 
determined to descend. After many had got down 
safely, a woman, too stout of build, stuck fast in the 
hole through which the others had passed. Nor though 
the other members of the tribe pushed from above and 
pulled from below, was it ever possible to move her. So, 
the hole being closed, some ot the tribe remained in 
Guiana, while others remained in their original home. 
In all such traditions, whether the ancestors climbed 
down from the sky or paddled from the other bank of the 
sea, the method of travelling is to the Redman equally 
natural, is just such travel as he himself frequently 
undertakes nearer home ; and the places beyond are 
simply an extension of the place where he himself 
dwells. The world, in short, is to him simply his own 
district. 
There are three points in the primitive philosophy thus 
suggested in outline to which we may next more es- 
pecially turn our attention. These are, the recognition 
by primitive man of a dual nature, that is of a body 
and spirit, in all beings ; the necessary recognition of, 
and accounting for, differences in the bodily forms of 
beings ; and, the corresponding recognition of differences 
of degree of cunning in the spirits of all beings. 
As regards the first of these points, it may at first 
