Publ. 30. X. 1923. 
LYMANTRIA. By Dr. E. Strand. 
321 
L. marginata Wile. (41 c). $: hinclwing always purely white with a black margin. Forewing with a marginata. 
varying median band which is, just like 3 more transverse bands, brown, irregular and angular: the first near 
the base, the second at the posterior margin connected with the third, which is double, the fourth sub- 
marginally and interrupted. Wings beneath with a more prominent brown colouring. Expanse of wings: 
64 mm. — pusilla Fldr. which will probably be nothing else but the of marginata Wkr. has dark sulphureous pusilla. 
forewings exhibiting at the costal margin 5 black spots, in the marginal area 2 or 3 transverse bands composed 
of black crescentiform spots, as well as several small black spots in the discal and basal areas, with a blackish 
hue besides, so that the ground-colour appears only little. Body and hindwing black, the latter with 
some narrow yellow crescents at the distal margin, abdomen with 4 or 5 narrow yellow transverse lines. 33 mm. 
India, Burma. 
L. semicincta Wkr. (40 d) is very characteristically coloured: forewing jet-black with small yellow semicincta. 
marginal spots, a yellowish-white spot at the base of the proximal margin and one at the cell-end, a transverse 
row of 3 coherent yellow spots behind the middle of the costa and a similar one at the proximal margin. 
Hindwing crimson with a broad black limbal band not reaching the proximal margin and being spotted yellow 
at the distal margin. Abdomen like the hindwings, above with a series of black spots. Expanse of wings: 60 mm. 
From North India: Darjeeling (Sikkim). 
L. obfuscata Wkr. is figured in VoL II, t. 22 f according to the type in the British Museum and has obfuscata. 
been dealt with there on p. 130. We may here add the following about the larvae: according to Butler (1886), 
in captivity they crept out at the beginning of May, feeding on oak and hawthorn, on the 5th of June they 
had undergone their second sloughing and attained a length of 11 mm. Upper surface slate-coloured with a 
median longitudinal row of 7 spots beginning from the 4th segment, the 5th spot being ochreous, the others 
red; on either side of these spots there are black spots. Sides and ventrum ash-grey. Lateral tubercles brownish- 
j^ellowish with radiately projecting bristles. Nothing is known to me about the later stages of the larvae. — 
The imago occurs in the North West Himalaya and presumably inhabits its Indian as well as palearctic parts 
L. obsoleta Wkr. (41 d). This form and its allied forms have already been dealt with at large in Vol. II, obsolete i. 
p. 130, where the form iris Strand , known from China, is figured on t. 20 f (as obsoleta), and the differences and iris. 
occurrence of vinacea Moore, bhascara Moore, and sobrina Moore are stated. All the forms occur in the vinacea. 
Indo-Australian region, and according to Semper the species also lives in the Philippines. He reports as 
follows: it flies in Luzon in February, May till July and October. Length of wings: 16 to 19, $ 26 to 
28 mm. — Larva on Dujat (Eugenia sp.), feeding only at night, whilst in day-time it rests between dry 
leaves. It is brownish-black with ochreous-brown hair and besides with auburn hair-tufts on the first three 
segments and the last segment, as well as on the 4th, 5th and penultimate segments with whitish-brownish 
hair-tufts which are longer than the auburn ones. Head auburn, feet light brown. — Pupal stage near Manila 
in February lasting 13 days. — According to Swinhoe (1885) the larva feeds on Ficus indicus, pupates at 
the root of the tree, the pupa resting in a similar net as that of Perina basalis. 
L. sinica Moore having been dealt with in Vol. II, p. 127, occurs in Formosa in the Indo-Australian siniea. 
region. 
L. mathura Moore (Vol. II, t. 20 e) I have dealt with in Vol. II, p. 128. Widely distributed in mathura. 
Japan and also in the Himalaya. 
L. viola Sivinh. (40 f, g) is a local species occurring near Bombay, the $ a little like L. grandis viola. 
(40 g), both sexes, however, being much smaller, the $ forevving and thorax dark grey with distinct brown 
markings. Hindwing of the $ pink with a greyish-brown discocellular spot and submarginal band not reaching 
the anal angle. The bands of the $ forewing are narrower and paler than in L. grandis. Expanse of wings: 
d 46 y 2 , $ 81 to 86 mm. 
L. todara Moore (41 c). <$: forewing white, with narrow black zigzag transverse lines, black basal todara. 
and marginal spots and a similar spot in the cell. Hindwing and abdomen light ochreous-yellowish, the former 
with a black broad marginal band. Beneath light ochreous-yellowish. Expanse of wings: 46 mm. South India. 
L. fuliginosa Moore (40 d) is allied with L. pusilla Fldr. and beatrix Stoll (40 e). d : forewing with fuliginosa. 
smoke-black transverse bands and spots, and ochreous-grey interspaces; hindwing yellowish ochreous with 
a broad, irregularly defined, smoke-black marginal band. $ forewing with broad, somewhat confluent, sinuous 
transverse bands and greyish-white interspaces, hindwing smoke-black, with an indistinct, whitish, discal 
macular band. Thorax smoke-black in the <$, white in the $ with a blackish frontal and median spot. Expanse 
of wings: 40, 2 64 mm. Bombay, Ceylon. 
L. concolor Wkr. (40 b) has already been dealt with in Vol. II, p. 131; it is widely distributed in concolor. 
the Indo-Australian region, occurring from Cashmir through the whole Himalaya to Burma, mostly common. 
•—■ The allied form superans Wkr. (40 c) is more brightly marked and smaller; — carnecolor Moore and superans. 
carnecolor. 
X 
40 
