42S 
EUPTEROTE. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
fredema. 
castano p- 
tera. 
mollifera. 
ornata. 
flavia. 
discr e pans. 
contamina- 
ta. 
mollis. 
todara. 
rufodisca. 
rectifascia. 
canaraica. 
lativittata. 
nilgirica. 
arnaena. 
flavicollis. 
adolphaei. 
collaris. 
diffusa. 
primularis. 
geminata. 
anada. 
phalaena- 
ria. 
lineata. 
placida. 
distinct and well recognizable, but the discal parallel lines arc no more distinctly traceable, taooensis Mr. and 
invalida Btlr. are not separable from it, according to Hampson. — fraterna Mr. (vol. IT, t. 30 d) from Dbarmsala, 
is pale claret-brown with faded transverse lines and represents the palearctic form crossing in Casbmir the 
northern frontier of the Indian region. — castanoptera Mr. shows the transverse lines in the disc of the Siena- 
brown forewing almost entirely extinct, but the wings are crossed by 5 almost equidistant, curved brown trans¬ 
verse bands; from Nepal. — The distinction of all these forms is of no great value, and in the larvae which 
I found in different districts of Ceylon, near Madura, in Tritchina-Pali and on the Nilgiri Hills and yet as far 
as above Conoor, I was not struck by any difference; to be sure, I did not see them directly next to each other. 
The larvae are so much like those of jabia, that I consider fabia and undata to belong together. -— The imagines 
are in many districts common, but very well hidden in day-time; they are almost only taken by the lantern. 
E„ mollifera, likewise with numerous forms according to the different shades, is somewhat smaller, 
mostly yellowish, more or less tinted or strewn with reddish; between the base of the wing and the distal double 
line there are no more than 5 dentate lines which, however, are not all of the same development; in the hinclwing 
there are proximally to the postmedian line 3transverse lines at most. — mollifera Wkr. ! = flava Mr., antheraeata 
Wkr.), the form described at first, from Ceylon and Southern India, has an expanse of 64 ($) to 80 ($) mm 
and the males uniformly suffused with a brownisli-red, in which the row of spots distally to the thick postmedian 
streak is well developed. In the $ the spots are white, bordered with black, and some specimens appear very 
variegated by the contrast of the reddish fore wings with the lemon-coloured hindwings, in conjunction with 
the very prominent transverse lines. Such particularly variegated have been denominated ornata F/dr. 
(56 B e), whereas on the contrary uni-coloured pale yellow being scantily marked were called flavia Hnvps. 
(56 B f); they are known from the Nilgiris where they occur yet at an altitude of 6000 ft. — discrepans Mr. 
from Bombay is yellowish-ochreous, with rather distinct discal transverse lines, whilst contaminate Mr. from 
the same habitat is dull ochreous-yellow, the discal transverse lines scarcely traceable. ■— mollis Mr. from Bom¬ 
bay and the Nilgiris is quite similar, pale yellow, and todara Mr. from the Nilgiris is of a very bright yelloAv. — 
In rufodisca Hnvps. (56 B d), likewise from the Nilgiris (observed in September), the yellow marginal area of the 
forewing contrasts with the red-brown proximal rest of the wing, whereas rectifascia Hmps. (56 B e) is mono¬ 
tonously mouse- coloured, with almost entirely extinct discal lines; likewise from the Nilgiris. ■—- canaraica Mr. 
and the entirely similar lativittata Mr. (36 d). both from the southern part of India, exhibit faint and incomplete 
discal lines, whereas the postdiscal line is in the latter form very much widened and even once more longitudinally 
parted by a fine light median line. — In nilgirica Mr. from the Nilgiris the postmedian undulate line is absent. 
— Larva whitish, spotted black; on the dorsum tufts of dark hair on whitish pads, across the dorsum itself 
extends a bluish-black band: on the sides of the dorsum flesh-coloured colouring through which a grey line 
extends; on the sides a row of small black spots; the sides almost violettish-grey, long-haired; head black, feet 
flesh-coloured. On the bushes, on the road-sides not rare. The imagines rush towards the light, and on the 
lamps of the hotels in Coonoor being situate in the midst of the forest they are often the only larger, more common 
Heterocera. 
E. arnaena Wkr. (37 c) is very closely allied to the /a&m-group, and also shows the white submarginal 
spots bordered with black, as the 2 of mollifera has. But the marking is more irregular, the transverse dentate 
lines are broken up into hardly contiguous crescents, the bases of the wings are sometimes almost without any 
markings, the forewing of a deeper yellow, in some places tinted red-brown. Java. 
E. flavicollis Guer. differs from the mollifera-iorms with a mostly yellow or yellowish-red thorax 
by the brown thorax brightly contrasting in the $ (not in the $) with the light yellow collar. On the forewing 
5 or 6 dark transverse lines are almost invariably distinctly developed, whilst the marginal third is traversed 
by a small light undulate band. —• In the form adolphaei Guer. (56 B d) the collar is bright yellow, the forewing 
dark brown; — in collaris Guer. the ground-colour is paler and more reddish. Together with the preceding, 
at great altitudes in the Nigiris. 
E. diffusa Wkr. (37 a) is very closely allied to flavicollis as well as mollifera, from the latter it differs 
by the head contrasting with the yellow thorax. The colour of the wings varies from whitish-grey to a dingy 
ochreous-brown. The post median line is single not double, on both wings curved, but nearer to the margin. 
Ceylon. — primularis Mr. from Coonoor, perhaps a distinct species, has a creamy-white colour of the wings, 
and occurs at the same habitats as the preceding species, but much more rarely. 
E. geminata Wkr. (= petosiris Cr.) (37 a, as gemina) is smaller than the preceding, only about as 
large as adolphaei, but quite lemon-coloured with faint markings. Distinct are only the submarginal dentate 
line and some soot-coloured spots before it. This species besides also varies very much. — In anada Mr. and 
phalaenaria Fldr. the sooty spots in the marginal part are absent and the dentate line is indistinct, but in phalae- 
naria the median transverse line and the one bordering proximally on the marginal part are thick and prominent. 
— In lineata Wkr. still more lines are prominent and the spots are absent; the ground-colour is generally darker, 
which in the form placida Mr. from Ceylon is replaced by a dingy brown. — The species is distributed from 
