Pull. 16. VIII. 1928. 
PARARHODIA; LOEPA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
505 
vesta X ricini $ = balli Wts. — vesta $ X pryeri $ = lefroyi Wts. 
pryeri $ X advena $ = pryadvena Wts. — the reverse = oberthuri Wts. 
advena x canningii $ = lastoursi Wts. — the reverse = andrei Wts. 
ricini q x pryeri $ = rothschildi Wts. 
In captivity the imagines easily enter into copula which often lasts for 12 hours and longer, whereupon 
the $ deposits about 100—250 white, slightly black-dotted eggs. The latter yield the larvae after about a 
fortnight. The young larva is darker, then lighter yellow, yellowish-green, and at last bluish-green, all over 
covered with fine black dots, and with a dense white bloom on it, like the larva of atlas. Like the latter, it 
also exhibits on each segment 6 coniform points, and thereby the adult larva is so very similar to a half grown 
larva of atlas that on being superficially regarded it may be easily mistaken, the more so since in South China 
it lives on the same trees and at the same time as the larva of atlas. The young larvae live gregariously, in 
parallel rows, on the underside of leaves; later on they separate. The food-plants in the Indo-Australian region 
are the most various shrubs and trees; in America Ricinus and Ailanthus, and in Europe the insects are likewise 
fed with these leaves; as to feeding with Liriodendron, Berberis, Cytisus, Tilia and other foliage trees, opinions 
are very much divided; feeding with willow apparently does not raise difficulties in case of its being done right 
from the beginning and without intermission. The summer-larvae may also be easily bred in the open air in 
Central Europe, though in one case reported by K. DiETZE-Jugenheim, a great number of such larvae were 
eaten up by titmice. In house-breedings the second generation appearing in Germany about in September is 
mostly of a more delicate and poorer structure of the body, though the expanse of wings is not much smaller. - 
As to the silk of the larvae of cynthia, we have already dealt with it in Vol. II, p. 213. This silk, the so-called 
Eri-silk, is inferior to the fine silk of mulberry-silkmoths. For this reason, the species having been introduced 
in America in 1861, in spite of its thriving excellently, had no commercial success in the U. S. A. just like in 
Europe, but the species is frequently bred in Eastern Asia. 
Another form has been recently (June 1928) described by Bouvier: ceraniensis from Mansuela, Central ceramensis. 
Ceram, strongly recalling tetrica and mindanaensis Rbl., though it is larger than the latter two species; apex 
of forewing broader and rounder, before the black apical spot rosy red; of the two black maculae behind this 
spot one is straight and extended to the exterior mouth of the 1st median branch, the other being triangular 
between the 1st and 2nd median branches. The two parts of the interior transverse stripe at their junction 
almost form a right angle which in the other races mentioned does not exceed 45°. Beneath there is no interior 
transverse stripe. 
Note: Specimens of cynthia with white bodies which may frequently occur in domesticated forms, have 
been denominated alboabdominalis Schiissler in the meantime. 
5. Genus: l*arai*lio«lia Cock. (Eurhodia Cock.) 
Only two species belong to this genus, the original name of which had to be altered owing to its having 
been used before. Of P. gyra only the $ is described. Antennae bipectinate to the apices; the exterior pinnae 
are about more than half the length of the proximal ones. The 4 th joint of the anterior tarsus ventrally on 
each side with a thin spine. The stalk of the two first radial branches in the forewing is almost as long as the 
2nd radial branch. Median branch 1 separates midway between the base of the wing and the apex from the 
3rd radial which is much longer than the first radial. Cell in all the wings open. Allied to Rhodinia (Vol. II, p. 213). 
P. gyra R. & J . Above cinnamon-brown, towards the base more yellow, with pale orange vein-stripes, gyra. 
On the forewing an olive band runs through the cell, being curved behind the 2nd median branch; a second black 
arcuate band between the cell and anal margin. Vitreous spot quite round, inside edged with a claret-coloured 
crescent, outside a black demi-ring; behind it a dark olive band from 5 / 6 of the costal margin to % of the 
inner margin. From the latter band outwards a whitish grey stripe, parted by olive embedments, from a whitish 
apical spot. Hindwing similar, with a small, similarly edged vitreous spot. Smaller than meeki. British New 
Guinea. 
P. meeki R. & ■/., likewise from British New Guinea, is considerably larger (length of forewing 20 mm), meelci. 
ochreous, but the whole upper surface is suffused with fawn-colour, excepting the distal half of the forewing. 
The 3 dark transverse lines are blackish, dentate, often indistinct; costa of forewing nut-brown, dusted with 
grey; central eyespot of forewing nut-brown with a fine white thorn, and entirely or half finely surrounded by 
white. At the margin a nut-brown band. Hindwing with a small central eyespot in a white ring. 
G. Genus : Mr. 
This genus composed of 8 or 9 similar, almost unicoloured yellow forms has been described at large in 
Vol. II, p. 214. Beside the very short palpi it is also characterized by the marking which consists of a great 
number of notched lines traversing the disc and sometimes also the marginal areas of the wings. In the central 
eyespot there is no real hyaline area. The female abdomen is invariably more slender than in Antheraea. 
X 63 
