544 
HAEMORRHAGIA; CEPHONODES. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
vcnata. 
saunders't. 
slaudingeri. 
Icuangtun- 
gcnsis. 
hylas. 
is the Indian form from the Jaintia Mts. in Assam. It is dark brown, not distinctly tinted pink, the dark discal 
spot of the forewing between the two median branches concave, the portion behind the cell somewhat less 
extended downward, the brown marginal area extending obliquely to the lower cell-angle. — The species seems 
to be very rare in the Indian region and, being a palaearctic immigrant, presumably confined to the mountains. 
Moreover, I also rarely found dissimilis in palaearctic Eastern Asia. 
Here begins the series of Sphinges with the palpal spot mentioned on p. 247 of Yol. II, comprising a twice as large 
number of Sphingidae as the Asemanophorae described since. They are the Semanophorae. Cf. p. 526. 
We enumerate here as the first subfamily of the Semanophorae the Sesiinae which, however, are repre¬ 
sented in the Old World by but few species from altogether 3 genera. In the Indo-Australian fauna only small 
species belong to them, most ly flying by day and exhibiting habits very much resembling those of Macroglossum. 
a) Tribus Sesiicae. 
37. Genus: H<aemorrhagia (?. d? I?. 
This genus being better known as Hemaris Dalm. appertains to the northern hemisphere, chiefly to its 
palaearctic and nearctic parks. As to the description of the genus cf. Vol. II, p. 247. 
H. venata Fldr. (56 C a). At the time when Rothschild and Jordan published their monography 
on the Sphingidae only the type of this species was known, which is said to originate from Amboina. According 
to Felders figure the species chiefly differs in the unicoloured dark olive tint of the body and the margins 
of the wings from the red- or yellow-belted species. Its size is that of a moderately large Cephonodes hylas which 
the flying insect presumably resembles owing to the very narrow margin of the hindwing. 
H. saundersi Wkr. (= curtisi Bsd.) (Yol. II, pi. 40 c) resembles a large H. fuciformis L. (Vol. II, pi. 40 b) 
with a more green than yellow anal portion of the abdomen and narrower, darker margins of the wings; as it 
prefers the mountains, it penetrates to the hotter districts of Northwest India. 
H. slaudingeri Leech (Vol. II, pi. 40 d). This palaearctic species has likewise a southern form, kuang- 
tungeusis Mell, appearing as a mountain-form inNorth Kwang-tung (according to Mell at altitudes of 450—750 m). 
It differs from typical slaudingeri in the hind tibiae being black as far as the bases (as in ottonis hi. & •/., Vol.II. 
pi. 40 c), from ottonis in the abdomen being coloured as in typical staudingeri. -— In West China this species is 
represented by beresowskii Alph. (Vol. II, pi. 40 b) which presumably in some places crosses the frontier of the 
Indo-Australian region to the south. 
38. Genus: OgilioiBotle* Hbn. 
This genus replaces in most of the tropical districts of the Old World the preceding genus from which 
it differs in the hindwing (often also the forewing) showing no scaled dark marginal band; whereas the 
Haemorrhagia before their first flight exhibit dark scaling also on the places which are later on hyaline, the 
emerging Cephonodes are very thinly covered with whitish-grey or yellowish scales which fall off already when 
the imago starts flying and moves the wings in a vibrating manner. 
C. hylas L. (Vol. II, pi. 40 d). The species, as we remarked in Vol. II, p. 249, is' distributed over 3 
continents. Specimens from Africa and Madagascar differ from Indians to a certain degree in the armature 
of the male genitals, whilst the exterior does not justify a separation in species or also geographical races. On 
the contrary, the colouring of the species is rather constant, whereas the larvae vary a great deal both locally 
and individually *); they may be green, yellow, or red, sometimes with blackish, orange-spotted sides, or the 
larva is green with yellow sides and a blue dorsal band; on Rubiaceae, particularly Gardenia, Adina, and Randia 
in China (in Africa also on Kraussia lanceolata). The pupa has the approximate shape of that of Celer. euphorbiae, 
but it is dark brown with lighter segmental folds. — The imagines are common almost in the whole range, 
preferably flying in the sunshine and settling in a buzzing way on the blossoms of Lantana; not in a floating 
way as M a croglossum, but clinging to a hold as Haemorrhagia. — In the Indo-Australian region the typical 
hylas flies in the whole of India, to the north far into the palaearctic region, whereas it is absent in the Malay 
region; but to the south of it, from Timor and Flores to Queenstown, it occurs again; such specimens do not 
constantly differ externally from the Indians, but they are said to differ in the genitals, owing to which fact 
the southern form was named cunninghami Wkr. 
*) Fawcett, in Trans. Ent. Zool. Soc. Lond. XV, pi. 48, figures five differently coloured types of the larva of hylas. 
