546 
SATASPES. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
owing to their disguise cannot be discovered from among the Xylocopa swarming about everywhere in great 
numbers. Mell frequently observed them drinking like other Sphingidae from pools on the water of which 
they settled down. In flying they put forth a loud humming sound similar to that of a carpenter-bee. 
infer nails. S. infernalis Ww. (Vol. II, pi. 40 e) is the northernmost species occurring in North India as well as in 
China, where it penetrates into the palaearctic region (cf. Vol. II, p. 249). It is recognizable by the yellow 
uniformis. transverse stripes (distinctly shown in our figure) on the neck, base of abdomen and anal end. - uniformis 
glossalrix. Btlr., from Sikkim, shows hardly any yellow on the abdomen, and is thus very dark. — glossatrix R. 6c J. 
seems to be the southernmost form, from Borneo. It shows no yellow whatever on the abdomen; wings beneath 
at the base lighter whitish-yellow, forewing above in the discal area with a bright bluish-green metal gloss. - 
Shape of larva very similar to that of M. tiliae, head likewise pointed above, but not so triangular, because 
it is laterally rounder; the lateral oblique stripes more whitish than yellow, the horn feebler. On the 6th and 
7th rings there is mostly a large, red-brown spot, or also a red-brown saddle-spot across the dorsum. On 
Papilionaceae, such as Lespedeza or Albizzia. Pupa uniformly brownish-red, the broadest on the thorax, but 
posteriorly pointed, so that the pupa does not show anything of the carpenter-bee-like widening of the abdomen 
which is more effected by lateral hair-tufts in the imago. — The imago appears in the north in 1 generation 
(June-July), farther to the south in two, one of which hibernates; it flies in the sunshine and, when at rest, 
it stretches the antennae out like a carpenter-bee. 
lagalica. S. tagalica Bsd. This species is most peculiarly divided into a number of structurally similar, but 
externally very different forms. The exterior of the forms presumably varies according to the most suitable 
thoracica. models of their habitat. — thoracica R. 6c J . (64 d) shows a magnificent steel-blue or steel-green gloss on the 
abdomen and wings, whereas the thorax exhibits a yellow fur, whereby the exact copy of Xylocopa aestuans-Q 
hauxwelli. being very common in its range is effected. North India, not rare. — hauxwelli Nic., the <$ of which may be 
chinensis. chinensis CUc., is above less bright metallic, and on the under surface the black marginal part is not distinctly 
defined against the basal portion of the wings. Abdomen and thorax do not exhibit any yellow, or a few small 
collaris. yellow scales at most, like the typical tagalica. China to Burma. — - coiSaris R. 6- J . (64 e) shows on the body 
and wings a blue metal gloss which is particularly distinct at the base of the forewing. The body, however, is 
cerberus. quite dark with a bright yellow, narrow collar. Burma. — cerberus Smpr. (65 C a), from the Philippine Is., 
has a blue though dull lustre on the head, body and wings. The transverse bands on the wings are rather 
indistinct; the body shows no yellow whatever, except very faint traces of small yellow scales at the pronotum. 
protomelas. The basal yellow of the hindwing beneath, however, is more extensive. From the Philippine Is. *). protomelas 
R. 6c J . (64 e) has been established according to a female with a very broad abdomen which is of a very dark 
steel-green reflection like the wings; only in the centre of the segments 2 -6 there are feeble yellowbrightenings. 
Whether it is the $ of one of the preceding forms or whether it is not rather quite a different species, I cannot 
decide, because I have net seen a male belonging to it. Larva difficult to distinguish from that of infernalis ; 
on the whole probably more yellowish-green, adapted to the lighter leaf-colour of its food-plant, a Dalbergia. 
Frons not so light as in infernalis (where it is sometimes almost white), but rather darker than the ground¬ 
colour. The rusty red lateral spots may also be absent as in infernalis. 
scotti. S. scotti Jord. Body and wings brownish-grey, without a brighter metal gloss; only in a certain 
exposure to light the upper and under surfaces show a dull violet reflection. Forewing less long than in infernalis 
(Vol. II, pi. 40 e), margin shorter and more concave. Dehra-Dun in North-West India. 
ribbei. S. ribbei Rob. Similar to the preceding species, front part of abdomen beneath light yellow as in 
thoracica (64 d), but the 6th abdominal ring above with a yellow transverse band, similar to infernalis. Distin¬ 
guished from tagalica also by the duller metal reflection. Celebes. 
Philanipelinae. 
This group containing about one fourth of all the Sphingid species is divided into the Philampelicae composed of 
about 20 American species, and the Nephelicae containing the other (about 250) very heterogeneous species. The former are 
distinguished by a very typical Sphingid shape; in the Old, World, however, they are not represented. The Nephelicae exhibit 
relations both to the Sesiinae and to the Choerocampinae. Thus the Macroglossum are unmistakably allied to the Sataspes and 
Cephonodes, whereas the Ampelophaga —• food-plant: vine —- are related to the Choerocampine genera ( Pergesa etc.). As to 
the Nephelicae in general we notice the same peculiarity as in the other Sphingid groups, i- e. wherever the imagines are 
classified in separate genera already owing to structural differences, the larvae still exhibit close relations. — Between the 
(American) Pholus and the Nephelicae, which are also well represented in the Old World, is the genus Tinostoma. 
*) The only specimen before me, the type in Coll. Semper, is not well preserved; the antennae are absent 
