ZOOLOGY 
3°5 
in catching him up will gore him and kneel on him. But I can obtain no 
authentic record of a buffalo when wounded in open country immediately 
charging his assailant. 
Buffalo calves are born about the end of the rainy season (March, April). 
Although quickly tamed they are very difficult to rear. They easily catch cold 
and do not much appreciate cows’ milk. I have been so anxious to start the 
domestication of these fine animals that I brought a number of tame Indian 
buffaloes from Bombay in 1895, and induced one of them to suckle a young 
African buffalo. The little beast throve until he was almost ready for weaning, 
but suddenly caught a chill and died of pneumonia. The Indian buffaloes 
I introduced are still in the country, not one of them having died, and I am still 
hoping that they may be used as foster mothers to rear up the newly caught 
young of the African buffalo until we have established a tame breed of this 
animal, which should be as useful in a domesticated state as is the long-horned 
buffalo of India. 
The Tragelaphs are well represented in this part of Africa by Livingstone’s 
Eland, the Kudu, the beautiful Tragelaphus angasi, or Inyala, 1 by the remark¬ 
able Situtunga (Tragelaphus spekei) and the South 
African variety of the bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus 
roualeyni). 
The Eland of Central. Africa differs from the 
variety found in South and East Africa by its 
yellower colour, and by its retention of the Tragela- 
phine white stripes. Also I have never seen a 
specimen shot in British Central Africa which possessed 
that great development of “ brush ” on the nose so 
characteristic of the South African Eland. The Derbian 
Eland of West Africa is however quite a separate 
species from the Eland of Central Africa (Livingstone’s 
Eland), which latter is after all little but a sub-species 
of the common form. The Central African Eland has 
in the male larger and longer horns than the South 
African species. I give an illustration here of what I 
believe is an exceptionally fine male eland head. It 
was shot not far from my house at Zomba by one of 
my native hunters and was presented by me to the 
Zoological Society. The length of these horns is 29! 
inches, and they are 1 6\ inches apart from tip to tip. 
The eland is seldom met with in the low-lying plains, 
frequenting mostly wooded hills and high-lying open 
grass-covered districts on the plateaux. This also is 
the favourite habitat of the kudu, the glory of the 
Tragelaphs, an animal to which shrines should be 
erected and worship tendered on account of its beauty. of Livingstone's eland 
The Central African kudu is almost the finest develop¬ 
ment of the genus. Mr. Sharpe measured one pair of horns shot in Nyasaland 
which gave 62 inches as the length of the horn following the curve. I have 
myself a pair of horns which measure 48 inches along the curve. 
I am inclined to think that the Inyala antelope of British Central Africa is 
limited in its range as far as we yet know to the Western and Upper Shire 
1 Locally called Boo. 
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