GEOLOGY OF CHILIIOWEE MOUNTAIN, IN TENNESSEE. 73 
knobs and butts formed by the different resistant sandstone 
layers, and the watershed crosses frequently from one layer 
to another. 
( b) On the east side of Chilhowee and near its center lies 
a narrow limestone valley called Millers cove. Its average 
width is one and a half miles and its length ten miles. To 
this valley special attention will be given in the following 
pages. As has been stated, it is the object of this paper to 
discuss the rocks of Chilhowee mountain and trace their 
connection with Appalachian history. The facts of the dis¬ 
cussion are specially brought out by the limestone of Millers 
cove. 
II. Professor James Safford, in his “ Geology of Tennessee,” 
called the Chilhowee rocks Potsdam, but made no subdivis¬ 
ion of the formation. He did not discuss the limestone of 
Millers cove at all. No later publication has extended or 
controverted Mr. Safford’s statements. 
In 1889 the presence of Lower Cambrian fossils in the 
Chilhowee beds was first discovered by Mr. C. D. Walcott. 
In 1889 the area came under my inspection in the course 
of areal mapping of formations under the U. S. Geological Sur¬ 
vey. As the result of this preliminary survey, I announced 
the conclusion that the limestone of Millers cove and the 
Chilhowee sandstone were unconformable and separated by 
a long period of erosion. This was tentative, however, and 
only discussed among members of the survey. In 1890 I 
made.a detailed survey of the region and confirmed the pre¬ 
vious conclusion. Additional details were secured in 1891 
by Mr. Bailey Willis and myself. The conclusion now ap¬ 
pears well founded that after the deposition of the Chilhowee 
formation there came a period of erosion and then deposition 
of limestone over the eroded edges of Chilhowee. 
III. The general geology of the region surrounding Chil¬ 
howee is as follows: On the northwest, the valley of Tennes¬ 
see is eroded from a series of limestones and shales that range 
in age from Lower Cambrian to Carboniferous. These are 
folded in a series of narrow, parallel folds of great length, 
