76 
KEITH. 
to the Chilhowee formation. Between the faults the only 
formation beside the sandstones arid shales of Chilhowee 
is the limestone of Millers cove. Through this formation, 
therefore, must be determined the physical connection of the 
Chilhowee beds with succeeding formations, as it is the only 
one that retains its original contact relations. 
(2) The Millers cove formation has two distinct parts, a 
limestone base and an upper red shale. The two members 
are closely associated, have suffered the same degree of fold¬ 
ing, are parallel in dip and strike, and are interbedded at 
their contact. There is no break in their sequence and they 
are essentially of the same age. 
(a) The lower member is a massive bed of 1,500 feet of gray- 
blue limestone, very cherty in its upper half. Three hun¬ 
dred feet from its top are two thin bands of green shale that 
aid in bringing out the structure. The upper cherty half of 
the limestone makes a line of high hills; the lower half a 
back valley mainly drained by sinks. 
(b) The upper red shale member is composed of brilliantly 
colored shales mixed with thin sandstone at the top. The 
thickness remaining from denudation is about 1,500 feet. 
In topographic form its outcrop varies. From the upper 
sandstones result high rounded knobs; from the lower 
shales, valleys. 
V. In order to have a satisfactory connection of the Chil¬ 
howee beds with later ones, the precise age of this limestone 
formation must be defined. The exact evidence of fossils 
has not been found, in spite of careful search by several 
members of the Geological Survey. Its age, therefore, must 
be determined by physical means for the present. For such 
determination there are available the lithologic character, 
thickness, and sequence in this limestone in comparison with 
like elements in other limestones of the province, the Knox 
dolomite and the Cambrian limestones. 
(a) In thickness the limestone of Millers cove is midway 
between the Knox dolomite and the Cambrian limestone of 
adjacent regions. The Knox is usually 3,500 feet thick, and 
