SUMMER, HOT WINDS ON THE GREAT PLAINS. 313 
on the morning of the 19th, after which it moved slowly 
eastward. During the development and progress of this 
low pressure area an area of high pressure was moving in 
over Oregon and Washington from the Pacific ocean. The 
general direction of the atmosphere over the Pacific slope 
was not very well defined, but was apparently across the 
divide toward the low pressure area, and partly cloudy to 
cloudy weather prevailed to the west of the divide. 
1882, September 12 and 13, Wellington, Kansas. —“ The most notable feat¬ 
ure of the month was the hot, sweeping winds noted on the 12th and 13th, 
this being an unusual occurrence for a September month. Rainfall, 3.87 
inches. Rain fell on six days. 
“ The upper strata (cirrus clouds) was observed from the west on eight¬ 
een days. On the 12th analogous hot-air currents were observed blowing 
from due southwest, continuing about four hours during the middle of 
the day. On the 13th for two hours similar hot winds were noted blow¬ 
ing in puffs alternately with cooler air.” J. H. Wolfe, voluntary ob¬ 
server. 
1882, September 12 to 14, Leavenworth, Kansas. —‘‘A very hot and ex¬ 
tremely dry wind set in from the southwest at 1 p. m. on the 12tli. At 
4 p. m. the maximum temperature, 101°, occurred, being the highest re¬ 
corded during September since the establishment of the station. The 
relative humidity fell to 17 per cent. This hot wind continued through 
the remainder of the day and the 13th and 14th. Vegetation was withered 
and burned up.” Observer, Signal Service. 
1882, September 12 to 15, Lawrence, Kansas. —“ The month (September) 
was chiefly noted for the hot blast of the 12th, which was repeated with 
somewhat diminished intensity on the 13th, 14th, and 15th. During 
these simoons the air was excessively dry, the relative humidity sinking 
to 7 per cent, on the afternoon of the 12th. The fierce, dry heat burned 
the foliage of the trees, so that they crumbled to powder at the touch of 
the hand. The nights following these withering days were compara¬ 
tively cool, the mercury sinking from 105° on the 12th to 65° on the 
morning of the 13th, and from 101.5° on the 13th to 66° on the morning of 
the 14th.” Prof. F. H. Snow, University of Kansas. 
1882, September 12, Fort Riley, Kansas. —“ Very hot wind. At noon the 
thermometer stood at 103° and rose to 108° in less than an hour and re¬ 
mained at that temperature for about three hours. ’ ’ 
1882, September 12, Clay Center, Kansas. —“ Hot southwest winds.” 
1882, September 12, Clinton, Missouri.—“ Hot south wind.” 
This period of hot winds accompanied ah area of low 
pressure which made its appearance over central Montana 
