358 
BAKER. 
Coloration .—The attractiveness and effectiveness of a map 
is greatly influenced by its color or colors. All the models 
exhibited were painted. A mere inspection of a white cast 
tells us that without paint or color a model is unfinished— 
it is simply in process of making. So important a part does 
the color scheme play that an inferior model tastefully and 
truthfully colored is more attractive and pleasing than a 
much better one badly colored. The color schemes selected 
are realistic or conventional, or both, and are designed for 
topographic, for geologic, or for political purposes. 
When we paint a model uniformly, whether browm, green, 
or any other color, irrespective of the colors in nature, we 
have a conventional coloring. When we paint the high and 
snow-clad summits a grayish white, the densely forested 
mountain slopes a dark green, the fertile foothill slopes in 
bright green, and the deserts in brown, with blue for all 
water bodies, we have a realistic scheme of coloring, and if 
to this we add the culture, the cities, roads, etc., in red, we 
have a scheme in part realistic and in part conventional. 
Examples of all these were on exhibition and upon me made 
the impression that for general topographic purposes the 
realistic scheme, or the realistic with conventional coloring 
for culture, gave the best results. 
In the case of models showing geologic relations conven¬ 
tional coloring is a necessity. Bodies of color for political 
divisions on relief maps are to me even more distasteful 
than on plane maps. 
Methods .—Two methods of exhibiting topographic relief 
were exhibited. In one the surface was modeled in some 
plastic material, as wax or clay ; in the other the model was 
made by cutting out from copies of the same map, mounted 
on card-board, along successive contours, and then piling up 
these successive cuttings. 
Most of the models shown were mad,e by the first method. 
Judged merely by numbers, this is the approved method, 
but, irrespective of numbers, this method of showing topo¬ 
graphic form gives the topographer an opportunity to ex- 
