192 
GEOLOGY OF THE SECOND DISTRICT. 
proportionally increased ; and it would be one of the best stations from which to triangulate 
the northern district. Harrington’s hill and Crane’s mountain would form an excellent base 
line from which to conduct the triangulation; for from the plains of Warrensburgh, a base 
line nearly one mile in length can be obtained, which is a perfect level, on which to measure 
the distance between those two points. The length of this line is about ten miles ; and from 
either point, the same mountains, far and near, come into view. Were it not for the errors 
arising from refraction, a country one hundred miles in diameter might be triangulated from 
these points alone. Should the State, therefore, ever enter upon the work of an accurate 
survey of its territory, Harrington’s hill in Warrensburgh, and Crane’s mountain in Athol or 
Johnsburgh, will form two of the most important points for carrying on a triangulation. 
Simple Minerals. 
They are such as are common to a primary district: Magnetic oxide of iron, pyroxene in 
all its varieties, hornblende, calcareous spar, zircon at Johnsburgh, associated with what 
appears to be sienite; pyritous iron and copper in the Brant lake district, and crystals of 
quartz and of graphite ; boulders of labradorite are met with first in Warrensburgh, and are 
spread over the whole county north and west of this place; red oxide of titanium in Chester, 
associated with green tourmaline in primitive limestone, the two last minerals only in small 
quantities ; sulphuret of iron in fetid limestone, crystallized under a form of twenty faces. 
The zircon of Johnsburgh is quite abundant for this mineral, and is in a variety of hyper- 
sthene rock, or what has a strong resemblance to labradorite, though it is not opalescent. 
The crystals are from to | of an inch in length ; and what is quite interesting in them is, 
that often the crystal is quite regularly particolored ; the faces, for instance, of the prism are 
brown, while those of the pyramid and solid angles are cream-colored. Black tourmaline, 
both massive and crystallized, are associated with it. The zircon is in regular four-sided 
prisms, terminated with a four-sided pyramid, with sometimes a replacement of the edges at 
the base of the pyramid. 
Near the zircon locality, an interesting form of calcareous spar exists in great abundance. 
It is of a deep red color, in consequence of being highly charged with the oxide of iron. It 
might be ferruginous calcareous spar. It is also of a dirty green, and associated with 
green talc. 
Colophonite is abundant on the farm of Mr. Rosevelt, and is also found in No. 14. In the 
same township, scapolite and brown tourmalin exist in primitive limestone. Manganese, in 
small nodules, is found in a marsh near Mr. Rosevelt’s, and also in dendritic impressions in 
the feldspar at the porcelain clay locality. Fine massive feldspar is also sufficiently abundant 
in Chester, to form an article of commerce. 
