HUDSON AND MOHAWK DISTRICT. 
265 
contents in a gallon only 4*72 grains. A little distance below, the water used for a large 
manufacturing establishment gave 4'48 grains of solid matter, and of vegetable matter the 
same as before. The soluble matters consist of chloride of lime, magnesia, sulphate and 
carbonate of lime : probably the latter exists in a state of a crenate. 
The water of the Hudson river contains 4'48 grains of soluble matter per gallon ; the 
amount of vegetable or organic matter is 1 * 84, in which it was evident some animal matter 
existed, as, on ignition, it gave a perceptible odor of burning hair : the whole amount is 
then 6'32 grains per gallon. Another specimen gave 7'24 solid matter, of which 3'34 
grains consisted of organic matter. The waters of the Mohawk river gave 5*36 grains to 
the gallon, of which 2'52 was organic matter. 
The following is a summary of the results of several analyses of waters of the clay, to¬ 
gether with penstock water of the city. 
The penstock water of the city co7itains, of 
Soluble matter, per gallon_ 4*64 
Organic matter. 8*00=12*64 
A well in Lydius-street, 
Soluble matter____ 13*12 
Organic matter_ 6*12= 19*24 
The well at the Old State House, 
Soluble matter____24*00 
Organic matter_ 12*00= 36*00 
The well at the Exchange , 
Soluble matter_47*20 
Organic matter. 17*48= 64*68 
The well of the Capitol Park, 
Soluble matter_- 47*24 
Organic matter. 18*28= 65*52 
A well at the corner of Lydius and Union-streets gave 112 grs. to the gallon : it con¬ 
sisted mainly of iron combined with an organic salt (crenate of iron). It gave a bulky 
greenish precipitate with acetate of copper. The water, on standing an hour, becomes 
turbid and yellowish, and, finally, in the course of three or four hours, deposits a large 
ochreous sediment. Horses and cattle are quite fond of this water, and drink it freely. 
Another kind of water of the Albany clay is quite common in the valley of Lake Cham¬ 
plain. It abounds with the sulphates, particularly the sulphate of magnesia, and is so 
excessively bitter that it can not be drank. It is used somewhat in cutaneous eruptions, 
but is far too saline to be used to any great extent even as a medicinal water, inasmuch 
as it is nearly impossible to drink it. The mineral springs which are pleasant, and so 
extensively used, belong to the Hudson and Champlain district; but none of these waters 
issue from the clay. They either belong to the slate or the lower limestones, and consist 
[Agricultural Report.] 34 
