14 
PAPILIO. By Dr. C. Aueivillius. 
dionysoides. dionysoides Auriv. comes the nearest to the cf of all the tailless $?-forms: the hindwing has a pale yellow 
ground-colour, which covers the greater part of cellules la—3 and the inner part of cellules 4—6 and 8 
as well as also a great part of the cell; consequently the black colour occupies almost the same extent as 
in the cf; in cellules lb, 2, 3 and 7 are large light submarginal spots. The hindwing has a similar or 
more ochre-yellow ground-colour and a narrow black marginal band with large submarginal spots, which 
are placed nearer to the inner margin of the band than to the distal margin and are sometimes even 
trimeni. united with the ground-colour. ?-f. trimeni Poult, has a whitish yellow or light yellow ground-colour, and 
is at once distinguished from dionysoides by the fact that the hindmarginal spot is separated by a black 
interspace from the subapical band; the submarginal spots of the hindwing are smaller and placed nearer 
pemptolipus. to the margin. In a third form, ?-f. pemptolipus Auriv., the hindmarginal spot of the forewing only covers 
cellules la, lb and 2, not the hindmargin of the cell, and the light spot in cellule 5 is absent. In ?-f. 
planemoides. planemoides Trim, the light (usually reddish yellow or yellow) spots of cellules la—6 and 8 of the forewing 
form a continuous transverse band, which nevertheless does not cover the base of cellules la—3 and 
therefore is not broader posteriorly. The marginal band of the hindwing is very broad and often almost 
mixta, reaches the cell. ?-f. mixta Auriv. only differs from planemoides in the absence of the light spot in cellule 3 
of the forewing; the transverse band is consequently broken up into two spots as in $-f. trimeni , from which 
mixta differs in that the hindmarginal spot is small and does not reach the base of cellules la—2. Besides 
these polytrophus has ¥?-forms which can scarecely be distinguished from hippocoon, tibullus and cenea. — 
antinorii. In Abyssinia and the adjoining paids of Somaliland occurs another local race, antinorii Oberth. The cf (2 a) 
resembles the cf of dardanus and polytrophus , but has the black markings much more reduced, so that the 
base of cellule 7 of the forewing is broadly yellow. The ?? are always tailed like the cfcf and the 
principal form (2a) also agrees closely with the cfcf in colour and markings, except that the cell of the 
niavoides. forewing has at the costal margin a black streak which is enlarged at its apex into a hook. ¥-f. niavoides Kheil 
ruspina. agrees in colour and markings with ¥-f. tibullus, in ¥-f. ruspina Kheil on the contrary the basal part of the 
hindwing and the hindmarginal spot of the forewing are brick-red, the remaining spots of the forewing as 
well as the large submarginal spots of the hindwing white; the hindmarginal spot of the forewing also 
covers a part of the cell as in ¥-f. trophonissa; thus ?-f. ruspina differs essentielly from trophonissa only in 
the long tail of the hindwing. — In the two following island forms the sexes are similar and there is only 
one ¥-form known: the latter is tailed and only differs from the cfcf by a black stripe at the costal margin 
meriones. of the cell of the forewing as in antinorii -¥ (2a). The island forms are: meriones Fldr., from Madagascar: 
coloured and marked almost like tibullus- cf, but the transverse band is broken up into spots and the tail 
black, yellow at the tip; this form is distinguished from all others by the fact that the marginal band of 
the forewing between veins 5 and 8 is cut off almost straight proximally and at vein 8 is broken rectangularly, 
humbloti. leaving the base of cellule 7 free. — humbloti Oberth. (9b), from Great Comoro, is distinguished from all 
the other dardanus-forms in that the hindwing has a black marginal band about 8 mm. broad, without spots, 
and an entirely black tail. 
Zenobia Group. 
Abdomen not reaching the anal angle of the hindwing. Wings above black with white or yellow markings. 
Cell of the hindwing above at the base more or less coloured with black, often to beyond the middle. Hindwing 
rounded, tailless or only shortly angled at vein 4, beneath at the base ochre-yellow to red-brown with black longi¬ 
tudinal stripes. Early stages unknown. — The species can be divided into two sharply separated subgroups. 
1. Subgroup. 
The black basal longitudinal stripe in cellule 7 of the underside of the hindwing is thickened and is 
interrupted in the middle, so that it forms 2 spots. The ?¥ are quite different from the cfcf in all the species 
except the last. In the cfc f the bases of cellules lb to 4 (to 6) and veins 2 to 5 on the forewing above are 
thickly covered with pilose hairs. The wings in the cf have a common white or yellowish discal band, which on 
the forewing is more or less broken up into spots, but on the hindwing is continuous and often widened. 
edierioides. P. echerioides Trim. (2c cf). Transverse discal band yellowish; discal spots 2 — 5 of the forewing 
more or less rounded, never square. Forewing without submarginal spots, hindwing with 6, which are 
placed close to the margin or even united with the marginal hinnies. ¥: forewing with only 3 discal spots, 
in cellules 2, 5 and 6, a spot in the cell and 5 submarginal spots (in lb—3, 5 and 8; the last touching 
the margin), white; hindwing with large, rounded, yellow central area, which covers the greater part of the 
cell and the base of cellules lc—6, and with 6—7 white submarginal spots, placed close to the margin. 
ridesdii. Gape Colony to German East Africa. In cf-ab. rideschi Stiff, the discal spot of the forewing is absent; 
wertheri. Kilima-Njaro. ¥-ab. wertheri Karsch: hindwing with a white spot between the central band and the sub- 
oscari. marginal spots in cellules 5 and 6. German East Africa. — oscari llothsch. The black basal area of the 
hindwing of the c f above extends beyond the base of vein 2, the light transverse band is therefore narrower. 
leucospi/us. ¥: all the markings of the upper surface yellowish. Abyssinia. leucospilus Rothsch. cf: the black basal 
