confusa 
hemichlora. 
nyasana. 
sabina. 
udei. 
weberi. 
dubia. 
phoebe. 
epaphia. 
albida. 
flavida. 
haendeli. 
38 APPIAS. By Dr. C. Aurivillius. 
black markings. Hindwing light yellowish; above with 5 small black dots at the extremities of the veins; 
beneath narrowly orange-red at the base of the costal margin, but otherwise without markings. North-west 
coast of Madagascar. 
A. confusa Mat. d: similar to the preceding species, but larger and with yellow basal spot on the 
forewing; both wings with white ground-colour and beneath with indistinct, grey submarginal spots on the 
veins, but without marginal spots; hindwing above with 6 rounded marginal spots at the extremities of veins 
2 7. ?: the' forewing above with long, free black streaks on veins 1—8 instead of the marginal band, the 
proximal ends of streaks 5—8 connected by a curved, black-grey, nebulous line; marginal spots of the hind¬ 
wing somewhat larger than in the d\ the under surface coloured and marked almost exactly as in the d. 
Madagascar. — hemichlora Mab. only differs in the larger size and the yellowish hindwing. Madagascar, 
at Diego Suarez. 
A. nyasana BtJr. (22 a). A little known and somewhat doubtful species. Butler has evidently confused 
the sexes. The specimen first described by him as a d is obviously a ? and is very similar to Mi/lothris 
rueppelli. The wings are white above with black, triangular marginal spots, which on the forewing are united 
at the margin and completely cover cellule 7, forewing on both sides broadly yellow in the basal part almost 
to the apex of the cell; beneath it is yellowish at the apex also and has 8 small black marginal dots on veins 
1—8; the hindwing beneath is only whitish in the middle, otherwise yellowish and with 8 rounded black 
marginal spots. The form which is possibly the d of this species is smaller than the ?, has the forewing 
more pointed with straight distal margin and black marginal band, which is continuous to the hinder angle 
and proximally sharply dentate on veins 1—5, its red-yellow basal patch does not cover the base of cellules 
1 and 2, but only the cell; both wings are white also beneath and have there no marginal spots. Distributed 
from Nyassaland to British East Africa. 
A. sabina Fldr. (Ilf d, e ?). d: forewing somewhat acutely produced; both wings above and beneath 
pure white with 7—8 black marginal spots, which only on the upperside of the forewing are somewhat joined 
together; forewing entirely without basal spot; hindwing beneath yellow at the base of the costal margin in 
cellule 8. The ? is smaller, has more rounded wings with grey-white ground-colour, free, streak-like marginal 
spots on the forewing above and large triangular ones on the hindwing; the base of the forewing is slightly 
tinged with reddish. Sierra Leone to Angola. — udei Suff. (1 2 d) is the East African form of sabina and 
only differs in having the basal third of the forewing beneath orange-yellow and the underside of the hind¬ 
wing and the distal part of the forewing cream-yellow. German East Africa. ¥-ab. weberi Stiff. (1 2d) differs 
from sabina -¥ in that the red-yellow basal patch of the forewing is larger and more brightly coloured and the 
marginal streaks on the forewing above are less sharply defined and connected by black dusting. Probably 
a female form of udei. ¥-ab. dubia Auriv. is very similar to the preceding ¥-form and only distinguished by 
the more sharply defined submarginal streaks on the forewing above, which are proximally thickened in 
consequence of the presence of the submargial spots; British East Africa. ?-ab. phoebe Btlr. is distinguished 
by the large, triangular marginal spots of the forewing above, which are united into a marginal band, 
broad at the apex, and by having the hindwing yellow on both sides and the forewing yellow beneath at the 
apex; the red-yellow basal patch of the forewing almost as in weberi. Probably also a female form of udei 
or perhaps the ¥ of the form which has been described above as the d of nyasana; British East Africa. 
A. epaphia. The d nearly approaches that of sabina, but is smaller and the black dot at the end of 
vein 1 on the forewing above is always wanting; the ¥ is quite unlike the d and also differs very conside¬ 
rably from all the other African Appias -¥¥; its forewing has above a large black basal patch, which reaches 
the apex of the cell and is sometimes bounded posteriorly by the median, sometimes covers also the base 
of cellules la and lb to vein 2 and extends to the hindmargin; the distal area is occupied by a very broad 
marginal band, which at the costal margin almost reaches the middle of the wing and encloses 2—5 light 
submarginal spots in cellules 6—9; the hindwing has above large marginal spots or usually a very broad 
black marginal band; beneath the forewing is tinged with yellowish at the base and has a large black spot 
in the apex of the cell and a black submarginal band, the hindwing is yellow at the base of the costal 
margin and otherwise either without markings or with a black marginal band. — epaphia Cr. (Ilf), d: fore¬ 
wing beneath bright yellow at the base, the marginal spots of the under surface and of the hindwing above 
sometimes well developed, sometimes absent. ¥: wings with white ground-colour; basal part of cellules la 
and lb on the upperside of the forewing sometimes black, sometimes whitish; hindwing above with broad 
black marginal band. Occurs everywhere on the continent of Africa as well as on Madagascar and the 
Comoro Islands. ¥-ab. albida Mab. Forewing white to the base in cellules la and lb; hindwing above 
with free marginal spots at the extremities of the veins; both wings beneath without marginal spots; Nyassa¬ 
land and Madagascar. ¥-ab. flavida Mab. only differs from the type-form in the yellowish ground-colour 
and dull black markings; Congo to South Africa, Madagascar. - - haendeli Suff. is in the d almost as large 
as sabina and differs from the type-form in having the forewing white beneath at the base; the hindwing 
above and both wings beneath with distinct rounded marginal dots. German East Africa, at Dar-es-Salaam. 
