PSEUDONYMPHA. By Dr. C. Aurivillius. 
109 
First Group. 
The under surface of the hindwing clouded, with dark striation or irroration; its veins dark. 
Ps. cassius Godt. (28 g). Hindwing above unicolorous, without red, but with Iwo grey-yellow-ringed cassius. 
eye-spots in cellules 2 and 3; eye-spot, of the forewing with grey-yellow ring; the forewing above and beneath 
red in the cell and in the basal part of cellules 2 and 3. Cape Colony to Transvaal. — ab. triocellata Bartel triocellata. 
has three eye-spots on the upperside of the hindwing. Natal. 
Ps. magus F. (= sabacus Trim.) (29 c). Forewing above with two red areas, usually separated but magus. 
occasionally united, one in the cell and one proximally and posteriorly to the grey-yellow-ringed eye-spot: 
hindwing above with a small reddish patch round the eye-spots in cel lules 2 and 3. Hindwing'beneath whitish 
grey, spotted and striated with black-brown; the eye-spots dark and indistinct; forewing beneath in the middle 
broadly red, at the costal margin and apex somewhat spotted with grey. Cape Colony and Transvaal. 
Ps. vigilans Trim. (28 g) is very similar to the preceding species, but the forewing above has only vigilans. 
one large red patch, which bounds the bright, yellow-ringed eye-spot, proximally and posteriorly, becomes 
narrower posteriorly and reaches vein 2, but covers little if any of the apex of the cell. Hindwing above 
with a small red spot in cellules 2 and 3, but without eye-spots, or only with one small one in cellule 2. 
Forewing beneath in the middle broadly red, at the costal margin, the apex and the distal margin irrorated 
with grey to vein 3. Hindwing beneath grey and almost uniformly striated with black-brown all over, without 
transverse lines; only the eye-spots of cellules 2 and 6 are usually distinct. 
Ps. hippia Or. (28 g). Forewing above in the middle with a. dark red (c?) or red spot, which covers at least hippia. 
the distal half of the cell and the base of cellules 2—5, but does not extend nearly so far distad as the eye- 
spot; eye-spot large, ringed with grey-yellow and with bluish pupils. Hindwing above with a large red spot, 
which extends into the cell or at least reaches its apex; eye-spots absent. Hindwing beneath whitish grey 
with fine and not very dark irroration and with two distinct undulate dark transverse lines; or in the ? 
darker and more densely striated and without distinct transverse lines. Neighbourhood of Cape Town. 
Ps. hyperbius L. (28 g) differs from the preceding species in having the under surface of the hindwing black- hyperbias. 
brown, finely watered and but little irrorated with grey. Forewing above broadly red in the middle; the red 
colour surrounds the eye-spot and extends nearer to the distal margin than the latter. Hindwing only with 
a small, indistinctly defined reddish spot in cellule (2) 3 (and 4) and usually without eye-spots. In the western 
part of Cape Colony. — mabillei Auriv. has a much smaller, elongate eye-spot, on the forewing and is said mabillei. 
to come from Madagascar. 
Ps. irrorata Trim., like hyperbius , has the under surface of the hindwing black-brown; this is, however, irrorata. 
not irrorated with grey but with yellowish. Above the hindwing is unicolorous dark brown without, red 
spot and without eye-spots. The bright red area of the forewing covers almost the whole cell and the base 
of cellules 2—5, but does not reach the distal side of the eye-spot. Cape Colony. 
Second Group. 
Under surface of the hindwing clouded as in the first group, but with the veins white and standing out sharply. 
Hindwing above with 3 small eye-spots in cellules 2—4, more or less broadly surrounded with red-brown; beneath with 
distinct eye-spots in cellules 2—6, surrounded by a fine yellowish -and a broad dark grey ring. 
Ps. paetula Trim. The red colour on the upperside of the forewing forms a single large area, covering paetula, 
the cell and the greater part of cellules 2—5, and extends as near to the distal margin as the eye-spot. The 
cell of the hindwing beneath without white longitudinal lines. Natal and Transvaal. 
Ps. trimeni Btlr. only differs from paetula in the red colour on the forewing above forming two trimeni. 
widely separated spots, one in the cell and the other in cellules 3—5 at the proximal side of the eye-spot. 
The folds in the cell of the hindwing beneath stand out sharply white. The red spot on the upperside of 
the hindwing is only present as a ring round the eye-spots. Cape Colony. 
Third Group. 
Ground-colour of the hindwing beneath uniform, neither clouded nor striated, the veins dark. 
