EUXANTHE. By Dr. C. AttrivilliijS. 123 
and four others at the tip round the base of the cremaster. The latter sometimes forms a right angle with the 
longitudinal axis of the pupa. 
The eggs are hemispherical, somewhat flattened, with fine radiating ribs at the upper end. 
The Charaxidinae love wooded country and hence occur in much larger numbers and in more numerous 
species in the West African forest-region. Some few species, as for instance C-haraxes pelias, occur also in more 
open country, but are fond of flying near small trees and shrubs. In South Africa most species are wanting 
in Cape Colony and first occur in the more wooded parts of Kaffirland proper and Natal. As the habits of 
Euxanthe and Charaxes, as well as the whole habitus, are quite different, further particulars will be given under 
the genera. 
Synopsis of the Genera. 
i 
I. Hindwing uniformly broadly rounded, without angles or tails. Palpus black with white dots. 
1. Etixanthe. 
II. Hindwing nearly always angled or tailed. Palpus beneath with light longitudinal stripe but without 
white dots. 
A. Middle and hindtibiae with spines on both sides. The wings beneath never densely striated with fine 
dark transverse lines. 2. Charaxes. 
B. Middle and hindtibiae only beneath with spines, above unarmed. The wings beneath in part densely 
striated with short, fine brown transverse lines. 3. Palla. 
1. Genus: Hbn. 
This genus only occurs in Africa and consists of large, broad-winged species. In the $ the wings, espe¬ 
cially the forewing, are shorter and broader than in the $ and the distal margin of the forewing is nearly 
straight before the middle and forms a distinct angle with the costal margin. The hindwing is rounded, without 
appendages. 
The species of Euxanthe only occur in the warmer, wooded districts of Africa and on Madagascar. To 
the south they only extend to Delagoa Bay; they are shy and have an irregular, but not rapid flight; they are 
attracted with sugar, like moths. The species may be divided into two easily distinguished groups. 
First Group. 
The forewing above at the base with a large, triangular, red-brown or yellow-brown spot. The cell of the hind¬ 
wing closed; that of the forewing almost triangular and its posterior angle not or but little more produced than the anterior. 
— Subgenus Hypomelaena Auriv. 
E. trajanus Ward (29 f). Ground-colour of both wings black; the forewing in the above and beneath trajanu 
with a yellow-brown basal spot, a light yellow transverse band across the middle, a curved row of seven sub¬ 
marginal spots, of which the anterior ones are larger, and two or three small white spots before the apex; the 
hindwing above is bluish white in the middle and has small white dots close to the distal margin; beneath it is 
black with deep black rays between the veins and narrowly red-brown at the base. The $ has white markings 
and the basal part of the hindwing on both surfaces is white to far beyond the middle and from the inner 
margin to vein 7; the black marginal band is consequently much narrower than in the but encloses two 
rows of white spots. —- In West Africa from the Niger to Angola. 
E. tiberius Smith is very similar to the preceding species, but differs in the <$ in having the hindwing tiberius 
above unicolorous black in the middle, but with 1—3 submarginal spots before the apex; also in the median 
band of the forewing being narrower and greenish. The ground-colour of the hindwing beneath is bright brown 
instead of blackish, and hence the dark interneural streaks stand out more sharply than in trajanus. The $ 
only differs from that of trajanus in having the white discal area of the hindwing much narrower, not extending 
beyond the middle and not reaching the base; the ground-colour of the under surface of both wings is red-brown. 
The $ somewhat recalls Danaida formosa in colour and markings. German and British East Africa. 
Second Group. 
The forewing without red-brown basal spot. The cell of the hindwing open. That of the forewing obtusely rounded 
at the anterior end and long produced at the hinder angle, so that it is almost semicircular in shape. — In all the species the 
wings have a black, or beneath sometimes brown ground-colour; the forewing has 2—4 transverse rows of light spots and the 
hindwing a larger or smaller light central area and beyond the middle 2 or 3 curved rows of light, rounded spots or dots. The 
abdomen towards the tip yellow on both sides, or at least beneath. 
