CHARAXES. By Dr. C. Aurivillius. 
139 
Ch. varanes. Distal margin of the forewing emarginate. Both wings above milk-white at the base. 
Hindwing with obtuse angle at the extremity of vein 2. — varanes Cr. (= austrinus Rothsch.). The white varanes. 
colour in the basal part of the forewing above forms only a small spot at the hindmargin and does not reach, 
or scarcely reaches, the base of vein 2. Larva bluish green with numerous white punctiform spots and white 
lateral line; sixth, eighth (and tenth) segment with white dorsal spot. Clape Colony, Natal, Transvaal. —- vo- vologeses. 
logeses Mab. (32 d, erroneously called varanes) only differs in the greater extent of the white colour on the 
forewing and intergrades into the type-form without any sharp dividing line. The whole of West and East 
Africa. 
Ch. fulvescens. Distal margin of the forewing in the first three races nearly straight. Forewing above 
in the basal part light yellow. Hindwing not angled at vein 2. Upper surface of both wings darker in the mar¬ 
ginal part than in varanes. ■ — fulvescens Auriv. (32 d). Both wings beneath light straw-yellow at the base. Sierra fulvescens. 
Leone to Gaboon. — monitor Rothsch. Wings beneath yellow-grey or olive-coloured at the base. Congo to monitor. 
Uganda and German East Africa. — comoranus Auriv. Basal area of both wings above uniform light orange- comoranus. 
yellow without white; the inner spots in the black distal part of the forewing above much produced transversely; 
the dark marginal band on the upperside of the hindwing much narrower than in the other races. Comoros: 
Mayotte. — acuminatus Thurau. Forewing with the distal margin deeply excised and long, sharp, falcate apex; acuminatus. 
the orange or red-brown spots in the black marginal area small or indistinct. German East Africa. 
Ch. balfouri Btlr. Hindwing at vein 2 with a tail 3 mm. in length and at the ends of all the veins balfouri. 
distinctly dentate; forewing with the distal margin weakly excised or nearly straight and undulate. Both wings 
above chestnut-brown, only a little darker in the marginal area; forewing with transverse rows of orange-yellow 
spots almost exactly as in varanes, but somewhat nearer together. Hindwing above without dark marginal band, 
but with thick, black submarginal lunules, proximally bordered with orange-yellow, and white marginal streaks. 
On the under surface the dark brown-grey basal part is extended to beyond the middle and distally bounded 
by a white line or band. Only found on the island of Socotra; does not fly so rapidly as other species and when 
disturbed soon settles again. 
14. Lichas Group. 
Hindwing between the anal angle and vein 4 nearly straight, at vein 2 feebly angled but not tailed, at vein 4 with 
a short tail, only about 3 mm. in length. Wings above red-brown; apex and distal margin of the forewing more or less 
broadly black. Wings beneath with a common dark transverse line, extending from the costal margin of the forewing, just 
before the apex, to the anal angle of the hindwing. Costal margin of the forewing beneath in cellule 12 white or whitish 
to the end of the cell. 
Ch. lichas. Forewing with the distal margin almost straight and the hindmargin somewhat excised 
before the posterior angle. The transverse line on the underside of the forewing straight. Wings beneath 
only at the proximal side of the transverse line silky grey, otherwise ochre-yellow with brown transverse lines or 
transverse streaks. The $ has the ground-colour of the upper surface much lighter yellow and instead of the 
black marginal part only transverse rows of black streaks. — lichas Dhl. U- The black colour of the apical lichas. 
area of the forewing extends to the apex of the cell and is either spotted at the inner margin or cpiite uni- 
colorous = ab. othello Suff. (31 d; erroneously called lichas). Sierra Leone to the Congo. — bebra Rothsch. othello. 
<$. The black colour at the apex of the forewing does not nearly reach the cell and is deeply incised or spotted bebra. 
with the ground-colour, especially in cellules 4 and 5. Cameroons, Congo region, German East Africa. 
Ch. paphianus Ward (32 a). Forewing with the distal margin incised and the apex acute; hindmargin paphianus. 
straight. The transverse line on the underside of the forewing curved. Under surface brown, with grey silky 
gloss almost throughout. Wings above reddish brown-yellow; costal and distal margins of the forewing black 
for a breadth of 2—4 mm.; some black discal spots. Hindwing above only with ring-shaped, often indistinct 
black submarginal spots. Sierra Leone to Angola and Aruwimi. 
15. Zoolina Group. 
The species of this group differ from all others in the hindwing having in the only one long tail, at vein 2, 
but in the $ two, at veins 2 and 4. The two species which it comprises are further distinguished by occurring in two 
quite different forms, one with black markings on a greenish white ground-colour and the other with red-brown markings 
and the ground-colour red-yellow to whitish. These forms are bred together from the eggs of the same $ and seem to be 
independent of the seasons. 
Ch. kahldeni. Hindwing beneath in cellule lc with a black longitudinal stripe, extending from 
the base nearly to the anal angle and posteriorly joined to the median stripe, which is also black. — kahldeni kahldeni. 
Homey er <fc Dew. (= W-brunnea Baker). Both wings greenish white; distal and costal margins of the hind wing 
narrowly black; from the costal margin arises a black submarginal line, which beneath reaches to vein 1, but 
above at furthest to vein 2. Hindwing above only with a fine marginal line and three submarginal spots 
(in cellules lc—3) black, [beneath, in addition to the two stripes already mentioned, with a thick black sub¬ 
marginal line and a fine marginal line. Cameroons to Angola. In f. homeyeri Dew. (31 d) the basal half of the homeyeri. 
forewing above is whitish, the apical part yellow-brown with rust-brown marginal band spotted with yellow; 
