PSEUDATHYMA. By Dr. 0 . Aurivillius. 
155 
but in cellules 2—4 proximally yellow and distally broadly red-brown and then unicolorous red-brown; the 
under surface of the fore wing is for the most part black-grey, that of the hindwing darker and lighter brown, 
the light markings of the upper surface are scarcely indicated, but both wings have rounded dark submarginal 
dots. Gold Coast and on the Niger River; very rare. The $ is unknown to me. 
Second G r o u p. 
Hindwing above with only one light transverse band, which is 3—5 mm. in breadth, runs in or beyond the middle 
and is continuous with the light band of the forewing when this is present. 
E. pluto Ward. In the <$ the wings are black-brown above with a common light yellow transverse pluto. 
band, in the middle about 3 mm. in breadth, extending from vein 4 on the forewing to vein 1 b on the hind¬ 
wing and on both wings much narrowed anteriorly, almost triangular; the cell and the base of cellules 1 1) 
and 2 on the forewing have very fine, almost indistinct white transverse lines; the submarginal line consists 
of light lunules and stands out but little; on the under surface the median band is white and here also sharply 
defined. In the $ the transverse band is broader and on both surfaces pure white. Cameroons to the Kuilu River. 
— kinugnana Smith (50 d) appears to be the East African form of pluto ; the SS only differ in having the median kinugnana. 
band of the upper surface on both wings but little narrowed anteriorly. Whether and how the $$ differ from 
the West African $$ I cannot decide in the absence of specimens of the latter. German and British East Africa; 
E. hirundo Stgr. (50 d) is very similar above to the of the preceding species, but has more distinct hirundo. 
light markings at the base of the forewing, a still narrower half-band on the forewing, broken up into spots, 
and a median band on the hindwing produced into a long point towards the anal angle; the under surface is 
cpiite different, being clouded with dark brown and without light, sharply defined median band. The $ is un¬ 
known. Gaboon to Uganda. 
E. richelmanni Weym. is only known in the female. This is, however, so different from all the des- richdmanni. 
cribed SS that it undoubtedly cannot belong to any of them. The wings are formed as in the other $$ of 
the genus, the expanse only reaches 39 mm. The upperside of the forewing is almost unicolorous black-brown 
with three red-yellow spots in the cell; the first, close to the base, is small and triangular, the other two form 
short transverse streaks; the hindwing is black above with a reddish ochreous median band only 4—5 mm. 
in breadth, extending from the inner margin only as far as vein 5; the fringes of both wings are spotted with whitish 
between the veins. The wings are black-brown beneath with white spots at the base and broad ochre-yellow 
line before the distal margin, the middle of both wings is more or less relieved with grey-yellow and the hind¬ 
wing has beyond the middle a curved row of large rounded black spots; the cell of the forewing with three deep 
black transverse spots separated by red-yellow streaks. Cameroons. 
Third Gro u p. 
Both wings above at the base unicolorous orange without markings to the middle or far beyond it. 
' E. crowleyi Kirby expands only 54 mm., but in the colouring of the upper surface recalls Euphaedra crowleyi. 
eleus (42 b) and the $ of Cymothoe preussi. Only the $ is known and this was first described as a Euphaedra 
and then as a Cymothoe, but is probably a true Euptera. The costal margin and the apical half of the fore¬ 
wing are black; the latter encloses 4 white spots in cellules 3—6, of which those in cellules 5 and 6 are placed 
nearer to the base. The hindwing has a black marginal band, only 4 mm. in breadth at the anal angle and 
gradually narrowed towards the costal margin, which in each cellule encloses a fine, semicircular white mark. 
The body is spotted with white. Dahomey. 
3. Genus: Pseiidjitliyiiia Stgr. 
The species of this genus are very nearly allied to those of the preceding, only differing in the characters 
mentioned in the synopsis. The hindwing in the SS is not produced at the anal angle as in the Euptera 
but is rounded in both sexes. In colour, markings and shape the Pseudathyma species strongly recall those 
of Neptis and they have repeatedly been described as Neptis by authors who did not notice the neuration. 
Like many mimics they are very rare. Concerning their habits and early stages nothing has yet been published. 
Like the Neptis species they may be divided into two groups according to the markings in the cell of the fore wing. 
First Group. 
The cell of the forewing above unicolorous black without white markings. In all the species the hindwing has on the 
upperside a broad, continuous white median band, which is continued on the forewing as far as vein 2, and the forewing 
a white cliscal band, running from the costal margin in the direction of the hinder angle, and also reaching vein 2, but there 
placed much nearer to the distal margin than the white spots in cellules 1 a and 1 b. Before the distal margin of both wings 
run two fine white or whitish transverse lines and before the apex of the forewing there are usually in cellules 5—7 some 
