198 
NEPTIS. By Dr. C. Aurivilluts. 
to brown-yellow instead of white; on the other hand the yellow colour of the distal margin at the anal angle 
walensensis. of the hindwing is often absent. Nyassaland and German East Africa. — walensensis E. Sharpe is the most 
northerly race, occurring in Somaliland and Abyssinia, and apparently cannot always be sharply differentiated 
from the type-form. The hindmarginal spot of the forewing is often united with the median band and the 
submarginal spots on the upperside of the hindwing stand out sharply. Whether the black colour at the base 
larquinia. of the hindwing reaches vein 2 or not is not mentioned. — • tarquinia Trim. (46 a) is distinguished by the nearly 
black ground-colour and the much reduced, sometimes indistinct, light spots of the fore wing and is also on 
an average somewhat smaller than the other forms. The median band of the hindwing is light yellowish, moderate¬ 
ly broad, distally somewhat rounded, and does not reach the inner margin; the hindmarginal spot of the 
forewing is very small, yellowish, occasionally entirely absent; the spots of the median band very small and 
often separated; the subapical dots of both wings absent or indistinct. Larva above bright green, beneath 
whitish; lateral line, head and the first, strongly elongated spines flesh-red; the last spines light yellow; lives 
on Mimusops obovata and Chrysophyllum. Pupa green with yellow lateral line and the head produced to a 
very long point; recalls the pupa of Leucophasia sinapis, but is curved in the opposite direction. Natal to 
comornna. German East Africa. — ■ coniorana Oherth. nearly agrees with the following form and like this differs from all 
the continental forms in having the black colour at the base of the hindwing above broader, reaching the be¬ 
ginning of veiii 2. It is distinguished from apaturoides by the hindmarginal spot of the forewing, which is smaller, 
apaturoides. anteriorly rounded, and only reaches the fold of cellule 1 b. Comoros. —- apaturoides Fldr. (46 a) has the hind¬ 
marginal spot of the forewing sharply defined, almost quadrate and anteriorly cut off straight by vein 2, and 
the black basal part of the upperside of the hindwing extended as far as vein 2; the white markings of the 
upper surface are slightly tinged with greenish and the white colour on the underside of the hindwing reaches 
the base or is there only slightly spotted with yellowish. Madagascar. 
5. Glaucina Group, 
The only species of this group differs very considerably from all others and is quite isolated. 
glaucina. P. glaucina Guen. Forewing black with two large green spots at the base of cellules 1 b and 2; cell short, 
green with three black spots at the anterior margin; midway between the cell and the apex of the wing 5 small, 
free green spots in cellules 3—-6 and 9, arranged in a curve; small greenish submarginal dots. Hindwing uni- 
colorous black above, with a triangular chalk-white spot at the costal margin in cellule 7 and very small whitish 
submarginal dots; beneath dark grey, at the distal margin blackish and at the hindmargin yellowish white 
to beyond the middle. Madagascar; rare. 
3. Subfamily: Neptidinae. 
This subfamily embraces only a single genus, which is represented in the Palearctic and Indo-Malayan 
Regions as Avell as in the Ethiopian. It is distinguished by the absence of the so-called median spur near the 
base of the median vein of the forewing and by vein 5 on the hindwing arising nearly at the base. The cells 
of both wings are open. The precostal vein of the hindwing is straight and at the end forked or weakly curved 
distad. 
1. Genus: F. 
Medium-sized or small butterflies with the wings black above and marked with wihte or yellow spots 
and line*. 
The light markings which may be regarded as typical for the genus are the following: 1. A longitudinal 
streak in the cell of the forewing, often broken up into spots or on the upperside absent ; 2. A median trans¬ 
verse band, which on the hindwing is always continuous and composed of 8 spots in cellules 1 a—-6, but on 
the forewing is more or less interrupted and consists of spots in cellules 1 a—6 (8 and 9) (for the sake of brevity 
these spots will here be called discal spot la, lb etc.); 3. Four transverse lines before the distal margin, com¬ 
posed of streaks or lunules and thicker and more distinct beneath than above (these are called marginal line 
1, 2, 3, 4, reckoning from the proximal one outwards); 4. Three transverse lines or transverse bands in the 
basal part of the hindwing beneath: the first from the base along the costal margin, the second and third from 
the inner margin across the cell and extending at most to vein 8. As is shown in the distinguishing characters 
of the groups, some of these marks are occasionally entirely suppressed or somewhat altered. 
Vein 8 of the hindwing is always shortened in the 3 and sometimes also in the $, so that it does not 
reach the apex but runs into the costal margin. 
Most of the species are closely allied and the size and position of the light spots must be carefully studied 
in order to determine the species correctly. 
The earlier stages of the Ethiopian species are still almost entirely unknown. Only those of one species 
from Bourbon have been described and figured. In the larva of this species the 4th segment has two longer, 
conical fleshy protuberances, directed anteriorly, and the 3rd segment as well as two or three of the middle 
