CYRESTIS. By Dr. C. AuRiYiLLrus. 
203 
N. ochracea Neave. Discal spots of the forewing and discal band of the hindwing ochre-yellow; wings ochrj.cr.a. 
above dark brown, beneath brown-yellow. Expanse 49 mm. Uganda. Probably only a race of exaleuca. 
Subgroup B. 
Interneural folds not dark, but the veins on the underside more or less blackish. The discal band of the hindwing 
is only 3—4 mm. in breadth and the discal spots of the forewing are small and rounded. The hindmarginal spot of the fore¬ 
wing is small and broadly separated from discal spot 2. 
N. incongrua Btlr. (48 f). All the markings pure white; the discal band of the hindwing is placed incongrua. 
somewhat behind the middle and does not cover the base of cellule 3; wings above nearly black; beneath 
bright yellow-brown with the markings edged with black ; the fore wing on both surfaces shortly beyond the apex 
of the cell with 3 or 4 white dots in cellules 4—6 and 10; fringes white-spotted. Nyassaland and German 
East Africa. 
N. woodwardi E. Sharpe differs from incongrua in the absence of the white dots beyond the apex woodwardi. 
of the cell on the forewing, while the discal spots of the forewing are smaller and may even be entirely absent 
in cellules 1 a and 1 b and the median band of the hindwing is placed nearer to the base, covers the base of 
cellule 3 and is ochre-yellowish. Uganda. 
4. Subfamily: Marpesiinae. 
This subfamily may be easily known by the characters cited in the synopsis (p. 122). It is only represent¬ 
ed in the Ethiopian Region by two nearly allied species, but many more occur in the Indo-Malayan and 
Neotropical Regions; cf. vol. IX, p. 570—578 and plates 121 end 122. 
1. Genus: Cbyrestis Westw. 
The African species differ somewhat in shape and in not having the forewing incised at the distal mar¬ 
gin from the typical species from South Asia and were consequently regarded by Dr. L. Martin, who mono¬ 
graphed the genus in 1903, as types of a separate subgenus ( Azania). 
They are delicately built butterflies of medium size, and bear on a white ground 10 dark, black-brown, 
transverse lines or bands. These transverse lines or bands are arranged as follows: the first covers the base 
of the forewing and reaches the inner margin of the hindwing somewhat before the anal angle; the second 
runs before the middle of the cell of the forewing and terminates in cellule 1 c of the hind wing some distance 
before the anal angle; the t li i r d runs somewhat distally to the middle of the cell of the forewing and close 
beyond the apex of the cell of the hindwing, reaches vein 2 and then makes a curve towards the inner margin; 
the fourth covers the discocellular of the forewing and extends at most to vein 3 on the same wing; 
the fifth is likewise very short, only extending from the costal margin to vein 4 on the forewing and placed 
shortly beyond the apex of the cell; the sixth begins at the costal margin of the forewing almost midway 
between the cell and the apex of the wing, runs in a nearly straight direction to vein 3 of the hind wing and 
then bends round in a curve towards the inner margin, which it reaches at the same point as the third 
transverse band; the sevent h is composed of lunules or streaks and reaches the inner margin of the hind¬ 
wing at the end of vein lb; the eighth is wanting on the forewing, but on the hindwing extends in an almost 
straight line from the apex to the anal lobe; the n i n t h is very fine and runs on both wings just before the 
distal margin; the tenth forms a fine marginal line. 
At the anal angle of the hindwing there is an irregular, dark-pupilled eye-spot. 
The earlier stages of the African species are unfortunately unknown. Of some Asiatic species, how r ever, 
the larvae are known. These are characterized by the head bearing two long spines and segments 5 and 12 a 
long spine each on the dorsum. By these unpaired dorsal spines these larvae are at once distinguished from all 
the other Nymphalicl larvae of the Old World; those of the American Marpesia, from which the group has 
its name, show similar single spines. 
C. camillus F. (49 b). The transverse bands, especially the second, third and sixth, are broad, edged camillus. 
with blackish and filled in with bronzy brown; the anal lobe and anal angle of the hindwing beneath continu¬ 
ously filled in with black. Sierra Leone to the Congo and Abyssinia. —- ab. riigrescens Martin only differs in nigrescens. 
having the bands filled in with smoke-black and the yellow colour at the anal angle of the hindwing replaced 
by blue-grey. Central Africa. 
C. elegans Bdv. (49 b). The transverse bands are finer and lighter, some of them occasionally indis- elegans. 
tinct or obsolete; the anal lobe of the hindwing beneath with two well separated, blue-dusted, black spots; 
the ground-colour purer white. Madagascar. —- sublineata Lathy occurs in East Africa and only differs very sublineata. 
little from the Madagascar form; in general only in having the transverse lines of the hindwing distinct on 
the underside also; in the type-form they are there for the most part indistinct. 
