CUPID0. By Dr. C. Aurivillius. 
463 
it proved that vein 11 may also be separate in the species of TJranothauma and that there occur specimens of 
C. lingeus in which it is fused with vein 12 for some distance. This mark is therefore entirely useless for the 
separation of the two groups. 
Moreover, as in both the groups the hindwing is at the end of vein 2 shortly angular and tailed, and 
vein 9 of the forewing is developed, only the marking beneath remains for the distinction of the groups. This 
marking is, as is shown by the figures, very peculiar, but in fact it consists of the same spots as in the second 
group. We may state as easily visible differences that the cliscal spot in area 2 of the forewing is removed more 
towards the margin and touches the cliscal spot in area 3, and that the cliscal spot in area 7 of the hindwing 
forms a dark transverse band completely reaching to the discal cell. 
Review of the Species. 
A. Forewing beneath in the cliscal cell with 4 white and three dark alternating transverse streaks. The wings 
in the U above light blue, in the $ blackish-brown, with white spots and a blue reflection in the basal part 
Eyes hairy. C. lingeus. 
B. Forewing beneath in the discal cell only with a dark transverse band bordered with white. Wings above 
coppery brown with or without a violet reflection. Fringes uniformly spotted white. 
a. Eyes hairy. Wings above more or less reflecting blue. C. palemon. 
p. Eyes bare. Wings above bronze-brown without any blue. C. marshalli. 
C. lingeus Cr. (73 a). Wings above light blue, at the margin somewhat darkened, the markings lingeus. 
beneath feebly showing through; fringes of forewing with unequally large white spots; the cliscal spots 2 to 6, 
9 of the forewing beneath form a coherent, feebly bent, almost black transverse band. The discal spot 2 of 
the hindwing beneath is more remote towards the base than the discal spot 3 and is distally accompanied by 
a distinctly prominent white spot. The $ has a distinct black transverse spot on both sides bordered by a white 
spot, at the end of the cliscal cell of the forewing and besides some white submarginal spots; its hindwing is 
above more or less brightened by whitish, rarely the white markings above are almost entirely absent, ab. 
virilis ab. nov. The species occurs everywhere on the Continent and in all the islands of the Ethiopian region, virilis. 
Manders found the larva on Coleus hybrida and describes it to be finely haired, of a light reddish green, the 
dorsal line and lateral lines red and with two slanting transverse lines on each side likewise red. Pupa similarly 
coloured, finely haired, with a black dorsal spot on either side of the base of the wing-cases. — ciliaris Auriv. ciliaris. 
deviates by the fringes of the forewing being white with equally large spots, whilst those of the hinclwing are 
uni-coloured white. East Africa: Mt. Meru. 
C. palemon Cr. (73 a). Wings above coppery brown with a faint violet reflection, and in the $ some- palemon. 
times in the basal part with blue scales; fringes white with equally large black spots at the ends of the veins; the 
very peculiar complex marking beneath is best seen from the figure. South and East Africa to the Ruwenzori. 
— fracta Grunt, shows the dark brown, white-edged postdiscal band of the forewing beneath in the areas 3 fracta. 
to 1 b sharply defined and proximally removed in such a way that in each of these areas the distal white bordering 
forms the continuation of the proximal dark brown border of the preceding area. Ruwenzori. 
C. marshalli Bull, is smaller than palemon, but otherwise it only deviates by the marks mentioned marshalli. 
above. Ca/pe Colony to Natal and Transvaal. It lives on species of Geranium. 
We may mention here that Staudinger states in his work ,,Exot. Schmett." I, p. 271, that in West and East Africa 
there occurs a form of Cupido ( Talicada) nyseus which is said to differ from the East Indian typical form only by the absence 
of the small tail of the hindwing, and which was therefore later on denominated by Butler as var. ecaudata. As far as I 
know, this species has never been found again in Africa hereafter, so that Staudinger’ s statement is probably due to an error 
of the patria of his specimens. The species is described and figured in Vol. IX of this work (p. 924 and t. 145 k). 
Fifth Group. 
In this group I combine the species that are generally distributed among the ,,genera“ Tarucus Moore 
and Castalius Hiibn. These two ,,genera “ have of late (1917) been revised by Bethune-Baker and Frtjh- 
storfer with respect to the structure of the male sexual organs, but the two authors did not agree on the differ¬ 
ences of the genera. Bethune-Baker, for instance, places the Asiatic species ananda de Nic. and fasciatus 
Rob. to Tarucus, Fruhstorfer to Castalius. 
If we take no account of the formation of the male sexual organs, which cannot be taken into consideration 
in this work, the of Tarucus and Castalius only differ by the male scales being present in the former, but 
absent in the latter. The however, are not separable by morphological differences. 
